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Clinical Dentistry 4 > Arches 2 > Flashcards

Arches 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to brachial arch 5?

A

disappears very early in development

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2
Q

What does pharyngeal arches consist of?

A
  • Ectoderm (outside)
  • Endoderm (inside except 1st arch)
  • Cartilage
  • Blood vessels and Nerve
  • Muscle
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3
Q

What happens to meckels cartilage?

A

disappears by week 20 and is replaced by bone

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4
Q

describe 1st pharyngeal arch (mandibular arch)

A
  • mandibular and maxillary process
  • cartilage : meckel’s cartilage:
  • Primitive support, largely disappears
    forms:
    2 bones:
  • incus
  • malleus
    2 ligaments:
  • sphenomandibular
  • Sphenomalleolar
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5
Q

what does the 1st pharyngeal arch give rise to:

A
  • Body of tongue
  • muscles of mastication:
  • Temporalis, masseter, pterygoids
  • mylohyoid, anterior body of digastric
  • Nerve: V (Trigeminal)
  • Maxillary and Carotid arteries
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6
Q

Describe Treacher- collins syndrome

A
  • Genetic-can be a simple as a single polymorphism
  • Failure of neural crest cell migration
  • Facial bone hypoplasia:
    mandible and zygoma
  • Ear abnormalities
  • Clefts
  • Dental anomalies:
  • Tooth agenesis
  • Enamel deformities
  • Misplacement upper 6s
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7
Q

describe 2nd pharyngeal arch

A
  • cartilage: Reichert’s cartilage
    forms:
  • stapes
  • lesser horn and superior hyoid body
  • styloid process, stylohyoid ligament
  • muscles: facial expression and posterior belly of digastric
  • thyroid gland and tonsil
  • nerve: VII (facial)
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8
Q

describe 3rd arch

A

forms:
- greater horn of hyoid
- inferior hyoid body
- forms root of the tongue
- stylopharyngeus muscle
- Nerve: IX - glossopharyngeal

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9
Q

describe 4th arch

A
  • forms thyroid cartilage
  • pharynx and epiglottis
  • muscles:
  • pharyngeal constrictor
  • soft palate
  • Nerve: X (vagus) - sup.laryngeal
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10
Q

describe 6th arch

A
  • Cricoid + arytenoid cartilages
  • Larynx
  • Muscles of larynx
  • Nerve: vagus X - inf.laryngeal nerve
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11
Q

describe 2nd-6th clefts

A

disappear - obliterated by the proliferating 2nd arch

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12
Q

How do pouches normally form?

A

between arches

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13
Q

describe the 1st pouch

A
  • Eustacian tube
  • Middle ear cavity
  • tympanic membrane
  • ventral part obliterated by the tongue
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14
Q

describe the 2nd pouch

A
  • Tonsillar fossa
  • Ventral part obliterated by the tongue
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15
Q

describe the 3rd pouch

A
  • Inf. parathyroid gland and thymus
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16
Q

describe the 4th pouch

A
  • Sup. parathyroid gland
17
Q

describe the pharyngeal membranes

A
  • Appear in the floor of the pharyngeal grooves
  • these membranes form where the epithelia of the grooves and pouches approach each other
  • the endoderm of the pouches and ectoderm of the grooves are soon separated by mesenchyme
  • only first pharyngeal membrane becomes the tympanic membrane, others obliterate
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Clinical Dentistry 4 (70 decks)

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