anxiety and sleep disorders

Question 1

How are benzodiazepines eliminated from the body?

Answer 1

by liver metabolism

Question 2

Name 6 drug classes used to treat anxiety and sleep disturbances?

Answer 2

Benzodiazepines
Barbituates 
Beta blockers 
Histamine blocker H1 
Z drugs 
Drugs targeting 5HT receptors

Question 3

Name 6 benzodiazepines and describe their mechanism?

Answer 3

Midalozam, Temazepam, Lorazepam, Clonazepam, Diazepam, Flurazepam

Question 4

What are 3 side effects of clonazepam?

Answer 4

Sedation, Confusion, Drowsiness, prolonged sleep, forgetfulness, incoordination, residual day time hang over

Question 5

What are the 3 Z drugs and their mechanism and 3 side effects?

Answer 5

Zopiclone, Zolpidem, Zaloplon

Sedation, confusion, enhanced by alcohol, tolerance

Question 6

Drug class and side effects: Buspirone

Answer 6

5HT1A agonsit, causing attenuation of 5HT action However, there wil be an initial 5HT release followed by greater inhibiiton post synaptically

Extra anxiety in acute early stages, nausea, dizziness, blurred vision, headache

Question 7

Which drug should only be used for situational anxiety and can possibly cause a full bone depression?

Answer 7

Beta blocker - propanolol

Question 8

Name a histamine blocker and its function in treating anxiety?

Answer 8

Diphenhydramine, Chlorphenamine
Sedatory effects and sleep induction
Has rapid tolerance

Question 9

Name 2 barbituates and describe their mechanism?

Answer 9

Phenolbarbitone
Pentylbarbitone

Directly binds on GABAa receptors to potentiate a inhibitory response. They also bind to Cl channels to facilitate hyperpolarisation post synaptically

Side effects: sedation, coma, drug dependance