Antrakinonski glikozidi Flashcards

1
Q

Kaj so antrakinonski glikozidi?

A

So spojine, katerih aglikoni so derivati ANTRACENA.

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2
Q

Kaj je antracen?

A

Aromatski ogljikovodik, ki ga sestavljajo trije kondenzirani benzenovi obroči

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3
Q

Katere snovi nastanejo v procesu biosinteze prve?

A

antroni

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4
Q

kako nastanejo antranoli, antrakinoni, diantroni in diantranoli?

A

Nastanejo iz antronov s pomočjo encimov ali s spontano
oksidacijo med vegetacijo, sušenjem in shranjevanjem rastlinskih drog nastanejo drugi
derivati antracena

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5
Q

Kako nastanejo glikozidi?

A

Z vezavo monosaharidov na fenolne skupine aglikonov na C8 in C6

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6
Q

Kako nastanejo O-glikozidi?

A

z vezavo monosaharidov na fenolne skupine na C3

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7
Q

Kako nastanejo C-glikozidi?

A

z vezavo monosaharida posredno na enega od ogljikovih atomov atracena

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8
Q

Kakšne barve so antrakinoni?

A

oranžni, rdeči, vijoličasti,..

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9
Q

Kakšne barve so antranoli?

A

beli ali svetlo rumeni

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10
Q

Kako delujejo glikozidi 1,8-dihidroksilnih derivatov antracena

A

laksativno

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11
Q

Kako nastanejo ANTRONI? Kaj sploh so ANTRONI?

A

So aktivni metaboliti. Nastanejo s pomočjo encimov črevesnih bakterij, ki cepijo dimere v monomere

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12
Q

Kako delujejo ANTRONI?

A

-dražijo sluznico debelega črevesja, kar poveča poveča peristaltiko (neželeni učinki so krči in bolečine v trebuhu)
-zavirajo absorbcijo vode in elektrolitov iz debelega črevesja v kri

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13
Q

S katerimi drogami kombiniramo antrakinonske droge?

A

Spazmolitičnimi (blažijo nećelene učinke antrakinonskih)

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14
Q

Do česa lahko pride če predolgo uživamo antrakinonske droge?

A

Hipokaliemije

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