Antivirals Flashcards
1
Q
What do antivirals consist of
A
- Nucleic acid
- +/- lipid envelope
- protein
2
Q
RNA viruses
A
influenza
measles
mumps
Hep A
3
Q
Chronic DNA viruses
A
Latent - HSV, CMV
Persistent - HIV, Hep B+C
4
Q
When are antivirals used
A
- Chronic infections
- Immunocompromised
- Acute infection with high risk of complication
5
Q
Treatment of HSV
A
- Aciclovir
- Treats oral and genital herpes
6
Q
Treatment of chickenpox and shingles
A
- Aciclovir
- Treat all adults with chickenpox
- Treat above 60 for shingles
7
Q
Treatment of influenza
A
- Neuraminidase inhibitors
- Oseltamivir (oral) and Zanamivir (inhaled)
- Treat high risk patients
8
Q
Virus replication process
A
- Attaches to cell via receptor
- Cell entry and virus uncoats
- Viral enzymes produced and replicate
- Translation, proteins assembled and released
9
Q
Nucleoside Reverse Transcription Inhibitors (NRTIs)
A
- Inhibit reverse transcriptase
- Pyrimidine analogues - Zidovudine + Lamivudine
- Purine analogues - Abacavir + Tenofovir
10
Q
Treatment of Hep B
A
Lamivudine inhibits reverse transcriptase in HBV
11
Q
Herpesvirus polymerase Inhibitors
A
- Aciclovir - HSV, shingles
- Ganciclovir - CMV, HSV
12
Q
Treatment of Hep C virus
A
RNA polymerase inhibitor
- Sofosbuvir
13
Q
Non-Nucleotide Reverse Transcription Inhibitors (NNRTIs)
A
- Efavirenz
- Nevirapine
- Inhibit polymerase
14
Q
Protease Inhibitors
A
- Stop viral enzymes from carrying out toxic actions
- HIV - Atazanavir, darunavir, ritonavir
- Hep C - Paritaprevir, Grazoprevir
15
Q
Entry inhibitor
A
Enfuviritide – fusion inhibitor
Maraviroc – chemokine receptor antagonist
