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Things to know > Antifungals and Antivirals > Flashcards

Antifungals and Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following works by binding to ergosterol, altering cell membrane permeability and causing cell death?

A. Nystatin 
B. Azole Antifungals
C. Clotrimazole
D. Flucytsoine
E. Echinocandins 
F. Amphotericin B 
G. Griseofulvin
A

F. Amphotericin B

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2
Q

Which of the following works by penetrating fungal cells and interfering with fungal RNA and protein synthesis?

A. Nystatin 
B. Azole Antifungals
C. Clotrimazole
D. Flucytsoine
E. Echinocandins 
F. Amphotericin B 
G. Griseofulvin
A

D. Flucytsoine it is converted to Fluorouracil 5-FU in the cell.

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3
Q

Which of the Following work by decreasing ergosterol synthesis and inhibit cell membrane formation?

A. Nystatin 
B. Azole Antifungals
C. Clotrimazole
D. Flucytsoine
E. Echinocandins 
F. Amphotericin B 
G. Griseofulvin
A

B. Azole Antifungals

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4
Q

Which of the following work by inhibiting Beta 1,3 D glucan?

A. Nystatin 
B. Azole Antifungals
C. Clotrimazole
D. Flucytsoine
E. Echinocandins 
F. Amphotericin B 
G. Griseofulvin
A

E. Echinocandins

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5
Q

Which of the Following work by decreasing ergosterol synthesis and inhibit cell membrane formation?

A. Nystatin 
B. Ketoconazole
C. Clotrimazole
D. Flucytsoine
E. Fluconazole
F. Amphotericin B 
G. Griseofulvin
H. Caspofungin
I. Voriconacole
J. Isavuconazonium 
K. Micafungin
L. Anidulafungin
M. Posaconazole
N. Itraconazole
A

Azole Anti fungals

B. Ketoconazole

E. Fluconazole

I. Voriconacole
J. Isavuconazonium

M. Posaconazole
N. Itraconazole

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6
Q

Which of the following work by inhibiting Beta 1,3 D glucan?

A. Nystatin 
B. Ketoconazole
C. Clotrimazole
D. Flucytsoine
E. Fluconazole
F. Amphotericin B 
G. Griseofulvin
H. Caspofungin
I. Voriconacole
J. Isavuconazonium 
K. Micafungin
L. Anidulafungin
M. Posaconazole
N. Itraconazole
A

Echinocandins
H. Caspofungin

K. Micafungin
L. Anidulafungin

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7
Q

Match the following Generics with the Brands

Anidulafungin
Ketoconazole
Caspofungin
Fluconazole
Isavuconazonium
Itraconazole
Micafungin
Posaconazole
Voriconazole
----------------------------------
Nizoral
Diflucan
Ketodan
Xolegel
Sporanox
Vfed
Noxafil
Cresemba
Cancidas
Mycamine
Eraxis
A 
Anidulafungin -- Eraxis 
Ketoconazole -- Nizoral, Ketodan, Xolegel (all brands are topicals)
Caspofungin -- Cancidas
Fluconazole -- Diflucan
Isavuconazonium -- Cresemba
Itraconazole -- Sporanox
Micafungin -- Mycamine
Posaconazole -- Noxafil
Voriconazole -- Vfed
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8
Q

Which class of medications is ONLY available as IV?

A. Azoles
B. Amphotericin B
C. Flucytosine
D. Echinocandins

A

D. Echinocandins

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9
Q

Which Azole Does NOT cause QT prolongation?

A. Ketoconazole
B. Fluconazole
C. Itraconazole
D. Voriconazole
E. Posaconazole 
F. Isavuconazonium
G. Ketodan
H. Diflucan 
I. Vfend
J. Cresemba 
K. Noxafil
A

F. Isavuconazonium = Cresemba

J. Cresemba

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10
Q

Which is the Only Azole that requires renal dose adjustment?

A. Ketoconazole
B. Fluconazole
C. Itraconazole
D. Voriconazole
E. Posaconazole 
F. Isavuconazonium
G. Ketodan
H. Diflucan 
I. Vfend
J. Cresemba 
K. Noxafil
A

B. Fluconazole = Diflucan
H. Diflucan

CrCl < 50 reduce the dose by 50%

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11
Q

Which of the following is the Drug of Choice for Aspergillus?

A. Ketoconazole
B. Fluconazole
C. Itraconazole
D. Voriconazole
E. Posaconazole 
F. Isavuconazonium
G. Ketodan
H. Diflucan 
I. Vfend
J. Cresemba 
K. Noxafil
A

D. Voriconazole = Vfend

I. Vfend

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12
Q

Which of the following is useful for vaginal candidiasis in non pregnant patients?

A. Ketoconazole
B. Fluconazole
C. Itraconazole
D. Voriconazole
E. Posaconazole 
F. Isavuconazonium
G. Ketodan
H. Diflucan 
I. Vfend
J. Cresemba
K. Noxafil
A

B. Fluconazole

H. Diflucan

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13
Q

Which of the following do you need to monitor for visual changes and phototoxicity?

A. Ketoconazole
B. Fluconazole
C. Itraconazole
D. Voriconazole
E. Posaconazole 
F. Isavuconazonium
G. Ketodan
H. Diflucan 
I. Vfend
J. Cresemba
K. Noxafil
A

D. Voriconazole

I. Vfend

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14
Q

Which of the is active against molds including Aspergillus and zygomycetes?

A. Ketoconazole
B. Fluconazole
C. Itraconazole
D. Voriconazole
E. Posaconazole 
F. Isavuconazonium
G. Ketodan
H. Diflucan 
I. Vfend
J. Cresemba
K. Noxafil
A

E. Posaconazole = Noxafil

K. Noxafil

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15
Q

Which of the medications suspension has less bioavailability then its tablet dose?

A. Ketoconazole
B. Fluconazole
C. Itraconazole
D. Voriconazole
E. Posaconazole 
F. Isavuconazonium
G. Ketodan
H. Diflucan 
I. Vfend
J. Cresemba
K. Noxafil
A

E. Posaconazole

K. Noxafil

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16
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of Histoplasma capsulatum?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole

17
Q

Which for of Amphotericin B has more side effects and therefore requires a smaller dose to be used?

A. Amphotericin B deoxycholate
B. Amphotericin B Lipid Complex (Abelcet)
C. Liposomal Amphotericin B (Ambisome)
D. Amphotericn B cholesteryl sulfate complex

A

A. Amphotericin B deoxycholate (Convetional Formulation), The lipid formulations have less severe side effects and can are given in high doses

BBW for mixing up the formulations

18
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of a mild case of oropharyngeal infection (Thrush)?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin

Topical versions

19
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of a severe case of oropharyngeal infection (Thrush)?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

B. PO Fluconazole

20
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of Zygomycetes class (Rhizopus, mucor)?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium

21
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of Dematophytes (Nail bed infections)?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

22
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of Aspergilus?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium

23
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of a blood stream infection in a patient that is NOT neutropenic?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)

24
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of a blood stream infection in a patient that is neutropenic?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)

25
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of Candida glabrata or Candida krusei?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B

26
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of Cryptococcus neofomans (meningitis)?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
For induction

I. Fluconazole (prolonged) –> Consolidation

27
Q

Which of the following is used for the treatment of Coccidioides immitis?

A. Clotrimazole, nystatin
B. PO Fluconazole
C. Fluconazole or echinocandin
D. Echinocandin (Preferred), Fluconazole (alternative)
E. Echinocandin (Preferred), Amphotericin B, Fluconzole (alternative)
F. Echinocadins or Amphotericin B
G. Voriconazole (Preferred), liposomal amphotericin B, isavuconazonium
H. Amphotericin B + flucytosine (5-fC)
I. Fluconazole (prolonged)
K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B
L. Liposomal amphotericin B followed by itaconazole
M. Amphotericin B +- posaconazole, isavuconazonium
N. Itraconazole, terbinafine, or fluconazole

A

K. Fluconazole, itraconazole or amphotericin B

28
Q

What is the treatment dose of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)?

A. 75 mg daily for 5 days
B. 75 mg BID for 5 days
C. 75 mg daily for 10 days
D. 75 mg BID for 10 days

A

B. 75 mg BID for 5 days

29
Q

What is the Prophylaxis dose of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)?

A. 75 mg daily for 5 days
B. 75 mg BID for 5 days
C. 75 mg daily for 10 days
D. 75 mg BID for 10 days

A

C. 75 mg daily for 10 days

30
Q

Match the following brand and generic medications

Rimantadine
Acyclovir
Valacyclovir
Famciclovir
Ganciclovir
ValGANciclovir
Foscarnet
--------------------------------
Cytovene
Zovirax
Valtrex
Valcyte
Famvir
Foscavir
Flumantadine
A 
Rimantadine -- Flumantadine 
Acyclovir -- Zovirax
Valacyclovir -- Valtrex
Famciclovir -- Famvir
Ganciclovir -- Cytovene
ValGANciclovir -- Valcyte
Foscarnet -- Foscavir
31
Q

Which of the following are used for Genital Herpes simplex virus?

A. Acyclovir 
B. Famciclovir
C. Famvir
D. Ganciclovir
E. Foscarnet
F. Foscavir 
G.Cytovene
H. Valacyclovir
I. Valganciclovir
J. Valcyte
K. Valtrex 
M. Zovirax
A 
A. Acyclovir 
B. Famciclovir
C. Famvir
H. Valacyclovir
M. Zovirax
32
Q

Which of the following is used for Herpes Zoster (Shingles) treatment

A. Acyclovir 
B. Famciclovir
C. Famvir
D. Ganciclovir
E. Foscarnet
F. Foscavir 
G.Cytovene
H. Valacyclovir
I. Valganciclovir
J. Valcyte
K. Valtrex 
M. Zovirax
A

A. Acyclovir
B. Famciclovir
C. Famvir

H. Valacyclovir

M. Zovirax

33
Q

Which of the following is used to treat Cytomegalovirus (CMV)?

A. Acyclovir 
B. Famciclovir
C. Famvir
D. Ganciclovir
E. Foscarnet
F. Foscavir 
G.Cytovene
H. Valacyclovir
I. Valganciclovir
J. Valcyte
K. Valtrex 
M. Zovirax
A

D. Ganciclovir

E. Foscarnet
F. Foscavir

G.Cytovene

I. Valganciclovir
J. Valcyte

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