Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharma > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteriacidal Drugs

A 
Very Finely Proficient At Murder
Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolone
Penicillin
Aminoglycoside
Metronidazole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Inhibits Transpeptidation -> Crosslinks the linear peptidoglycan layer
Activates Autolytic Enzyme

A

Penicillins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Beta lactamases formation
Structural change in Target PBPs
Changes in Porin Structure

A

Penicillin Resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Binds to PBP, Inhibits transpeptidation
DOC for Syphillis
Renal tubular absorption inhibited by Probenecid
Increased activity against enterococci if given with aminoglycosides
Can cross BBB of Meninges are inflamed

A

Penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Isoxazolyl Penicillin (Anti Staphylococcal)

A 
CONDOM
Cloxacillin
Oxacillin
Nafcillin
Dicloxacillin
Methicillin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

For Staphylococcal infections

A

CONDOM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Interstitial Nephritis

A

Methicilin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Neutropenia

Biliary clearance

A

Nafcillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infections due to enterococci
HELPSE (Haemophilus influenza, E. coli, Listeria, Proteus Mirabilis, Salmonella, Enterococci )
SE: Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Amino Penicillin (Extended Spectrum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

DOC Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Antipseudomonal Penicillin

A

Takes Care of Pseudomonas
Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Synergistic effect with aminoglycosides against Pseudomonas
Enhanced effect with beta lactamase inhibitors

Greater activity against gram - infections, due to KEPs

A

Takes Care of Pseudomonas
Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cephalosporins with non renal excretion

A

Cefoperazone

Ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1st Generation Cephalosporins

A 
FADer help me FAZ my PHarma boards!
CeFADroxil
CeFAZolin
CePHalotin
CePHapirin
CePHradine
CePHalxine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

For Surgical Prophylaxis, Bone infections, Gram +

Complete cross allergenicity (Partial with Penicillins)

Minimal effect on Gram Neg

PEcKs first

Proteus
E. coli
Klebsiella

A 
FADer help me FAZ my PHarma boards!
CeFADroxil
CeFAZolin
CePHalotin
CePHapirin
CePHradine
CePHalxine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2nd Gen Cephalosporin

A 
FURy FOX FAMilies  and Drinking TEa
CeFURoxime
CeFOXitin
CeFAMandole
CefoTEtan
FAC LORA's FONe the PROFesional AZOLE
CeFAClor
LORAcarbef
CeFONicid
CefPROzil
CefmetaAZOLE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Added coverage for infections in Haemophilus Enterobacter and Neiserria + PEcKs

Second HEN PEcKs

Cefuroxime - improved activity against Pseudomonas and Haemophilus

Cefotetan and Cefoxitin - good activity against B. fragilis and thus are used for abdominal and pelvic infections

A 
2nd Gen Cephalosporins
FURy FOX FAMilies  and Drinking TEa
CeFURoxime
CeFOXitin
CeFAMandole
CefoTEtan
FAC LORA's FONe the PROFesional AZOLE
CeFAClor
LORAcarbef
CeFONicid
CefPROzil
CefmetaAZOLE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Have Renal Excretion except

A

Cefoperazone and Ceftriaxone

TRY mo iihi ang PERA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Can Penetrate the BBB Except

A

Cefoperazone and Cefixime

BBBulshit can be Fixed by PERA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Most active Cephs against PRSA

A

Ceftriaxone and Cefoxime

Fox Tries PRSA (Pizza)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

DOC Gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone and Cefixime

Try to Fix Gonorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Third Gen Cephalosporins

Disulfiram Reaction - CefoPERAzone

A 
FEnge PO PERA to TRI to FIX TAX ng TIBU na TAZmanian devil na nag tiTIZ
CeFEtamet
CefPOdoxime
CefPERAzone
CefTRIaxone
CeFIXime
CefoTAXime
CefTIBUten
CefTAZ
CefTIZoxime
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Anti Pseudomonal Cephalosporins

A

FEnge PERA TAZ please

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

4th Gen Cephalosporins

A

CAROLINE’s PIRcIngs are EPIc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

MRSA Cephalosporin

A

Ceftaroline

Caroline and MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Carbapenems

A

PENEMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

For Serious infections such as Pneumonia and Sepsis

A

Carbapenems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Beta Lactams with CNS toxicity (Confusion, Encephalopathy and Seizures)

A

Carbapenems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Inhibits Renal Metabolism of Imipenem

A

Cilastin (Carbapenem - Cilastin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Carbapenem non active against Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter

A

Ertapenem (Maarte siya)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Monobactam

A

Aztreonam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Resistant to Beta Lactamase

SE: Vertigo

No cross allergenicity with Penicillins
No activity against gram positive or anaerobes

A

Monobactam - Aztreonam

Vietnam resistance has no air no positives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Beta Lactamase Inhibitors

Most active: Plasmid BLac > Chromosomal BLac

A

Clavulanic
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

SE: Cholestatic Jaundice

A

Beta lactamase inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Class: Glycopeptide
Binds to D-Ala- D- Ala
Inhibits TRANGLYCOLSILATION
Prevent ELONGATION

for MRSA and Pseudomembranous Colitis

SE: RED Man Syndrome

A

Vancomycin

Dybala tiec the Van to Tel Aviv

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Tx for Red Man Syndrom

A

Slowing infusion flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

VRSA and VRE

A

Due to D-Ala-D-Ala Lactate formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Drugs of LAst Resort

A 
I AM your Last Shot At Victory
Imipinem
Amikacin
Linezolid
Streptogramins
Vancomycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Peptide Antibiotic

A

Bacitracin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Interferes with late stage cell wall synthesis in gram + organisms
Only for Gram +
SE: Nephrotoxicity (Topical Use)
Reserved for Topical Use only due to Nephrotoxicity

A

Bacitracin

Late siya kaya nasa Bac siya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Blocks incorporation of D-Ala into PENTAapeptide side chain
For Drug resistant Tuberculosis (2nd Line)
SE: Neurotoxicity

A

Cycloserine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

DEPolarization causing rapid cell death
Gram +, Sepsis and Endocarditis
SE: Myopathy

Inactivated by Pulmonary Surfactants
NOT Bactericidal

A

Daptomycin

DAPolarization

43
Q

Inactivates UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine-3-enoplyruvatetransferase

A

Fosfomycin

44
Q

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor Antibiotics

A

AT CELLS

Aminoglycoside
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin
Lincosamides
Linezolid
Streptogramins
45
Q

Broad Spectrum Protein Synthesis Inhibitor

A

Chloramphenicol

46
Q

Inhibits Transpeptidation at 50s -> Bacteriostatic
For Meningitis
SE: Gray Baby Syndrome, Aplastic Anemia

Resistance due to formation of acetyltransferase that inactivates the drug

A

Chloramphenicol

47
Q

Binds to 30s subunit

M. pneumonia, chlamydia, ricketsiae, Vibrio

A

Tetracycline (TETry Subunit) - Cyclines

My clam has vibrated with rick

48
Q

Tetracycline for SIADH

A

Demeclocycline (Deme may sayad)

49
Q

Tetracycline with Vestibulotoxicity

A

Minocycline

50
Q

Tx for Bronchitis

A

Doxycycline

51
Q

Tetracycline with broadest spectrum and Longest T1/2

Only Tetracycline unaffected by resistance

A

Tigecycline - Tiger is broadest and longest cat, Tigasin

52
Q

Tetracycline that is excreted in the bile

A

Doxycycline

53
Q

Blocks aTTachment to T- RNA acceptor site

A

Tetracycline

54
Q

Binds to 50s

A

Streptogramin
Erythromycin
Cyclophosphamide

50 pesos for Marco’s Pristine Clean Cyclops

55
Q

Binds to 50s
Pertussis, Diptheria, Chlamydia - PeDiCure
SE: Cholestatic hepatitis, QT Prolongation, Rare Fulminant Hepatic Failure

A

Macrolides - Erythromycin

Pedicure kay Erin

56
Q

Macrolide that does not inhibit CYP450

A

Azithromycin

57
Q

Used for Macrolide resistance

A

Telithromycin

58
Q

Binds to 50s subunit
For Endocarditis prophylaxis, PCP Pneumonia, Toxoplasmosis
SE: Pseudomembranous colitis
Resistance due to methylation binding sites

A

Lincosamide - Clindamycin

Clean Lincon

59
Q

Anaerobic Infection

A

Above diaphragm - Clindamycin

Below Diaphragm - Metronidazole

60
Q

Only one that Binds to 50s that is BACTERIACIDAL
For MRSA, VRSA, VRE
SE: Arthralgia, Myalgia Syndrome

A

Streptogramin - Quinupristin - Dalfopristin

61
Q

Binds to 23S of 50 subunit
For MRSA,VRSA, VRE
SE: Optic Neuritis
Resistance due to decrease affinity of Drug to Binding site

A

Oxazolidinone - Linezolid

23 oxs line at ted

62
Q

Concentration Dependent Killing Action
Post antibiotic effect
Not absorbed orally
Requires O2 for Transport

A

Aminoglycosides

63
Q

Aminoglycosides synergistic with

A

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

64
Q

Aminiglycoside Mnemonics

A

GNATS canNOT kill anaerobes

Gentamicin
Neomycin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Teratogen
65
Q

Binds to 30s -> Protein synthesis inhibition
For aerobic gram negative bac
Ocular infections - Tobramycin

A

Gentamycin/ Tobramycin

66
Q

Most vestibulotoxic and nephrotoxic Amingoglycosides

A

Gentamycin and Tobramycin

GenTo most toxic

67
Q

Binds to 30s -> Protein synthesis inhibition
For Multi Drug Resistant TB (2nd line drug)

Least resistance but narrowest therapeutic window

68
Q

Binds to 30s -> Protein synthesis inhibition

For Tularemia, Bubonic Plaque, Brucellosis

A

Streptomycin

69
Q

DOC of Beaubonic plague

A

Streptomycin

70
Q

Binds to 30s -> Protein synthesis inhibition
Bowel Preparation for elective surgery, Hepatic Encephaolopathy

Kanamycin most ototoxic

A

Paromomycin, Kanamycin, Neomycin

PAKANE

71
Q

For Visceral leishmaniasis

A

Paromomycin

72
Q

Limited to topical and oral use only

73
Q

Binds to 30s -> Protein synthesis inhibition

For Drug resistant Gonorrhea

A

Spectinomycin

74
Q

Most ototoxic aminoglycosides

A

Amikacin and Kanamycin KA - TengKA

75
Q

Most vestibulotoxic

A

Tobramycin Gentomycin

76
Q

Skin reactions

A

Neomycin and Strptomycin

77
Q

Inhibits translocation process during protein synthesis, from Fusidium coccineum

A

Fusidic Acid

78
Q

Bacteriostatic inhibitors of folic acid synthesis

A

Sulfonamides

79
Q

Selective inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase

A

Trimethoprim

80
Q

Sulfonamide
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase, bacteriostatic
For Burn Infections

SE: SJS/TEN, G6PD hemolysis, Kernicterus

A

Silver Sulfadiazide/ Mafenide Acetate

81
Q

Sulfonamide
Sequential blockade of dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase , bactericidal
For HAM (Haemophilus, Aeromonas, Moraxella), P. jiroveci

SE: SJS/TEN, G6PD hemolysis, Kernicterus

82
Q

DOC for Toxoplasmosis

2nd agent for Malaria

A

Sulfadiazine- Pyrimethamine

83
Q

Coadministered with Leucovorin to limit bone marrow toxicity

A

Pyrimethamine

84
Q

Increased level of unconjugated bilirubin at subcortical nuclei and basal ganglia

A

Kernicterus

85
Q

Inhibits Topoisomerase II in gram neg
Inhibits Topoisomerase IV in gram pos

May cause damage of growing cartilage

A

Quinolones

86
Q

M/C Cause of Quinolone Resistance

A

decrease IC accumulation of drug via efflux pumps

87
Q

2nd Gen Quinolone

A

Ciprofloxacin

88
Q

3rd Gen Quinolone

A

Levofloxacin/ Moxifloxacin (Vigamox)

89
Q

4th Gen Quinolone

A

Trovafloxacin

90
Q

Ciprofloxacin AE

A

Tendonitis

91
Q

For Atypical Pneumonia/ Lung Infections

A

Levofloxacin

92
Q

Levofloxacin AE

A

QT prolongation, Tendinitis

93
Q

Trovafloxacin AE

A

Hepatotoxicity

94
Q

Broad Spectrum Quinolones, enhanced activity against anaerobes

A

4th Gen Quinolones

95
Q

Quinolone Most active agent against Gram neg organisms esp Pseudomonas

A

Ciprofloxacin

96
Q

Quinolone that cannot be used in UTI

A

Moxifloxacin

97
Q

Quinolone C. trachomatis

98
Q

Quinolone that causes hyperglycemia

A

Gatifloxacin

99
Q

Ferredoxin forming
Disrupt electron transport chain
Antiprotozoal, Vaginitis, Brain Abscess, ANAEROBIC

A

Metronidazole (DAZOLES)

100
Q

DOC for Amoebiasis, Giardiasis and Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Metronidazole

101
Q

Multiple reactive intermediates when acted by nitrofuran reductase

For Uncomplicated UTI (except Proteus and Pseudomonas - resistant)

SE: Pulmonary Infiltrates, Phototoxicity

Contraindicated in renal insufficiency

A

Nitrofurantoin - Nitrofuran

102
Q

Topical antiinfective, Pseudmonic acid
Inhibits Staphylococcal isoleucyl tRNA synthase

For MRSA, Impetigo

SE: Burning stinging skin sensation, Epistaxis

Only used topically
Single OD dose can prevent recurrent UT

103
Q

Cationic Detergents
Disrupt bacterial cell membrane, bind and inactivate endotoxin

For salvage therapy of Acinetobacter, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas

Proteus and Neisseria - resistant
For topical use only

A

Polymyxin B

104
Q

Macrocyclic, Narrow Spectrum
Binds to Sigma subunit of RNA polymerase

For gram + only, C. difficile in adults

Orphan Drug Status in C. difficile in children

A

Fidaxomicin

Pharma (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions