Anti-epileptic Flashcards
Epilepsy
Seizures that occurs intermittently over months to years for which the underlying cause cannot be identified
Status epilepticus
Repeated seizures without full recovery between them or a single seizure that last greater than five minutes
Cluster seizures
More than one seizure occurring within a 24 hour period With recovery in between
Anticonvulsants
Drugs that prevent or treat seizures
Antiepileptic drugs
Generally refers to maintenance management of epileptic seizures
Diazepam - cautions?
Binds to the plastic in the syringes
DO NOT store in a syringe!!
Phenobarbital -receptor and use?
Potential GABA receptor activity used as a first-line drug in both dogs and cats - Antiepileptic drug
Phenobarbital - cautions?
Can cause polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, elevated liver enzyme, hepatotoxicity, and decreases T4 mimicking hypothyroidism
Antiepileptic drugs
Phenobarbital Bromide Levetiracetam Zonisamide Imepitoin
Bromide - receptor and use?
Competing with the chloride transport across cell membranes -used as a primary and epileptic or Add on
Do not use in cats! watch for “Bromism” toxicity!
Levetiracetam - receptor and use?
Binds to presynaptic vesicles to alter the release of neurotransmitters to inhibit seizure generation or propagation - used as a primary antiepileptic or add on to others
not suitable for animals with liver disease!
Zonisamide- receptor and use?
Block sodium channel to stabilize neurons preventing hyper synchronization- used most commonly as an add-on and first line anti-epileptic
Imepitoin - receptor and use?
Partial agonist at benzodiazepine binding sites on GABA receptors - function similar to diazepam and full benzodiazepine agonists
Seizure
Clinical manifestation of abnormal electrical activity in the brain
