Anthropoda I Flashcards
What animal phylum is characterized by jointed appendages, body segmentation, chitin
Anthropods
How are the proteins in the outer layer interlinked in anthropod exoskeletons?
sclerotization
What are the functional segmented groups in antrhopods called?
Tagmata
What are the three segments in tagmata
Head, thorax, abdomen
What do other arthropods have when the head and thorax are fused?
cephalothorax
What kind of coelom do arthropods have?
Eucoelomate
What does the coelom reduce to to help in blood circulation?
hemocoel
What kind of respiratory systems do insects and myriapods have?
tracheae with spiracles (openings)
what kind of respiratory systems do aquatic crustaceans have?
gills
what kind of respiratory systems do arachnids have?
book lungs
what kind of respiratory systems do aquatic chelicerates have?
book gills
what does the direct piping of air to tissues allow for?
high metabolic rates and limit body size
Do arthropods have a complete digestive system?
Yes
Describe the nervous system of arthropods
same as annelids, dorsal brain connected to double nerve chain of ventral ganglia
What is it that arthropods have that indicate their highly developed sensory organs?
Compound eyes
Are arthropods dioecious or monoecious?
typically dioecious
What do arthropods undergo during development
metamorphosis
What arthropod subphylum is extinct
- abundant during the Cambrian and Ordovician
- Went extinct at the end of the Permian
- Lacked true mouthparts
Trilobata
What arthropod subphylum have 4 pairs of walking legs and 2 body segments
Chelicerata
In chelicerata, what are the 2 body segments?
Cephalothorax and Abdomen
How do chelicerata perform respiration?
Book lungs or book gills
In chelicerata, what are the two appendages at the mouth?
Chelicerae and Pedipalps
Do chelicerata have antennae?
No
What chelicerata class are horseshoe crabs
- unsegmented with telson (tailpiece)
- 4 pairs of walking legs and 6 pairs of abdominal appendages for swimming
- respire with book gills
- only 3 surviving genera
Xiphosurida
What chelicerata class are scorpions, ticks, and spiders
- breathe with book lungs
- most are predatory
- chelicerae modified into fangs with venom glands and stingers?
Arachnida
What order in Arachnida are true spiders
- chelicerae have terminal gangs connected to venom glands
- all are predatory
- respire with book lungs or tracheae or both
Araneae
What are the excretory system of Araneae composed of?
Malpighian tubules
What do spiders have the ability to do?
Spin silk
How do spiders release silk?
Spinnerets run silk in silk glands
Are spiders dangerous?
Most are harmless to humans
What order in Arachnida are scorpions
- have 3 tagmata
-final segment of postabdomen modified into a stinger
Scorpiones
What are the 3 tagmata in scorpions?
Cephalothorax, preabdomen, postabdomen
What order in Arachnida are ticks and mites
- cephalothorax and abdomen are completely fused
- many have direct effects on health and food
Acari
What Acari mange in dogs and cats?
Demodex
What Acari are carriers of Lyme disease?
Ixodes
What Acari causes scabies?
Sarcoptes scabiei
What arthropod subphylum are centipedes and millipedes
- numerous legs ~ 10 to 750
- 2 tagmata
- terrestrial and prefer humid environment
Myriapoda
In myriapoda, what are the 2 tagmata?
Head and trunk (most with paired appendeges)
Where can myriapoda be found?
moist soil, decaying biomass, lead litter
What myriopoda class is somewhat flattened
-prefer moist places under logs, bark, stones
- carnivorous
-rely on venom to kill
- most are harmless to humans
- one pair of legs per trunk segment
Chilopoda
What myriapoda class has a cylindrical body
-herbivorous
-feed on decaying or living plants
-each trunk segment has 2 pairs of legs
Diplopoda
