Annelida

Question 1

What are segmented worms, found in marine, freshwater, and moist terrestrial habitats, have a trochophore larva?

Answer 1

Annelids

Question 2

What is true segmentation also known as?

Answer 2

Metamerism

Question 3

What are the segments that contain repeated external and internal morphological features called?

Answer 3

Annuli

Question 4

For annelids, except species, what do each segment have that aid in movement?

Answer 4

Chaetae/setae

Question 5

What is the anchor segment in annelids?

Answer 5

Short setae

Question 6

What is the segment that aid in swimming in aquatic forms in annelids?

Answer 6

Long setae

Question 7

What is the body plan of typical annelids?

Answer 7

2 part head, segmented body, terminal portion

Question 8

What is the terminal portion also called as and contains the anus?

Answer 8

pygmidium

Question 9

what are the parts of the head?

Answer 9

prostomium and peristomium

Question 10

Are the head and pygmidium considered segments?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Where are older segments found in annelids?

Answer 11

Anterior end

Question 12

What kind of ceolom do all annelids have?

Answer 12

true coelom

Question 13

How does the coelom form in annelids?

Answer 13

Schizocoely

Question 14

What prevent movement of fluids between segments in annelids?

Answer 14

Septa

Question 15

What kind of muscles is the body wall surrouding the coelom made of?

Answer 15

Circular and longitudinal

Question 16

In most annelids, what does that fluid filled coelom serve as?

Answer 16

Hydrostatic skeleton

Question 17

Do annelids have a complete digestive system?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

What help facilitate excretion in annelids?

Answer 18

Nephridia

Question 19

How is gas exchange facilitated in annelids?

Answer 19

Through skin, gills or pparapodia

Question 20

What kind of hearts do annelids have?

Answer 20

Aortic arches

Question 21

Describe the nervous system of annelids

Answer 21

2 ventral nerve cords and nerve ring around pharynx

Question 22

What is the brain made of?

Answer 22

Pair of dorsal ganglia

Question 23

Are annelids monoecious or dioecious

Answer 23

can be either

Question 24

What do monoecious annelids have?

Answer 24

Permanent gonads

Question 25

What do dioecious annelids have?

Answer 25

temporary gonads

Question 26

How does asexual reproduction occur in annelids?

Answer 26

fission and fragmentation, can regenerate

Question 27

What 2 historical classes are paraphyletic?

Answer 27

Polychaeta and Oligochata

Question 28

What polychaeta are mostly marine, have multiple setae per segment?

Answer 28

Errantia

Question 29

In errantia, what are the fleshy appendages each segment has and are primary respiratory organs called?

Answer 29

Parapodia

Question 30

What are errantia usually?

Answer 30

Predators or scavengers

Question 31

Do errantia have permanent sex organs?

Answer 31

No, temporary gonads

Question 32

What group of annelids contain sedentary polychaetes and oligochaetes that live in tubes or burrows and also include clade clitellata?

Answer 32

sedentaria

Question 33

What differentiates sedentaria from errantia?

Answer 33

have tentacles around head for feeding and respiration

Question 34

What sedentaria have fewer, reduced chaetae or no chaetae, earthworms and leeches?

Answer 34

Clade clitellata

Question 35

What do clitellata contain that is a ring structrue that secretes mucus for reproduction and is always visibile in mature oligochaetes but is only visible in leeches during mating season?

Answer 35

Clitellum

Question 36

Are clade clitellata monoecious or dioecious?

Answer 36

Monoecious

Question 37

How do clade clitellata develop?

Answer 37

Direct; inside cocoon

Question 38

What annelid historical class are paraphyletic, most are terrestrial or freshwater with a few parasitic, marine, and brackish forms and setae are less numerous than in polychaetes?

Answer 38

Oligochaetes

Question 39

What do oligochaeta lack?

Answer 39

Parapodia

Question 40

Are oligochaeta scavengers or predators?

Answer 40

Scavengers

Question 41

In oligochaeta what reduce the concentration of calcium ions in the blood and regulate acid-base balance?

Answer 41

Calciferous glands

Question 42

In oligochaeta where is the food stored in?

Answer 42

crop

Question 43

In oligochaeta where is the food passed on for grinding into small pieces?

Answer 43

gizzard

Question 44

What is the infolding structure in the small intestine of oligochaeta that increases surface area?

Answer 44

typhlosole

Question 45

In oligochaeta does circulation and respiration take place?

Answer 45

double transport system

Question 46

gas exchange in oligochaeta is what?

Answer 46

Cutaneous

Question 47

What is contained in the first 3 segments and the final one in oligochaeta?

Answer 47

Paired metanephridia

Question 48

What is the difference with what aquatic and terrestrial polychaetas excrete?

Answer 48

Ammonia; urea, respectively

Question 49

What are the large axons in oligochaeta that increase rate of conduction called?

Answer 49

giant axons

Question 50

Do oligochaeta have eyes?

Answer 50

No

Question 51

What do earthworms primarily rely on?

Answer 51

chemical and tactile signals

Question 52

Are oligochaeta monoecious or dioecious?

Answer 52

monoecious

Question 53

In oligochatea reproduction, what keep the worms together and what penetrates?

Answer 53

mucus from clitellum; modified setae

Question 54

Why are earthworms helpful?

Answer 54

mixes topsoil and subsoil, produce nitrogenous products

Question 55

What annelid historical class are true leeches, completely lack setae, have exactly 34 segments, mostly freshwater, many are carnivores, some are parasites?

Answer 55

Order Hirudinea

Question 56

Do leeches have distinct coelomic compartments?

Answer 56

No

Question 57

What does the reduced coelom in leeches filled with?

Answer 57

Connective tissue and lacunae

Question 58

Are leeches predators or scavengers?

Answer 58

Both

Question 59

What do leches feed on?

Answer 59

tissue fluid; blood

Question 60

What help leeches cut through skin?

Answer 60

Chitinous jaws and anaesthetic and anticoagulant salivary glands

Question 61

What are leeches used for?

Answer 61

Bloodletting and modern medicine

Question 62

How many brains do leeches have?

Answer 62

2

Question 63

In the brain of leeches, what has 6 pairs fused ganglia?

Answer 63

Anterior

Question 64

In the brain of leeches, what has 7 pairs?

Answer 64

Posterior

Question 65

Are leeches monoecious or dioecious?

Answer 65

monoecious

Question 66

How do leeches reproduce?

Answer 66

Cross-fertilization; sperm transferred by hypodermic impregnation

Question 67

How do leeches circulate?

Answer 67

Some have oligochaete circulatory system, others rely on coelomic sinuses