Anterior Abdominal Wall Muscles Flashcards
What are the name of the 5 bilaterally paired anterior abdominal wall muscles?
External Obliques, Internal Obliques, Transverse Abdominis, Rectus Abdominis, and Pyramidalis muscles.
What are the origins of the external obliques?
The lower ribs and the iliac crest.
What does the external obliques course into anteriorly?
External oblique aponeurosis.
What muscle lies posterior to the external oblique aponeurosis?
Rectus abdominis muscle.
Where do the external obliques insert at?
Linea alba.
The inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis, between the ASIS and the pubic tubercle, is called the ______ ________.
Inguinal ligament.
What are the origins of the internal oblique muscles?
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and the lower ribs.
What does the internal obliques course into anteriorly?
Internal oblique aponeurosis.
What muscle splits the internal oblique aponeurosis around it?
Rectus abdominis.
Where do the internal oblique muscles insert into?
Linea alba. Inferiorly with the pubic crest, and pectineal line.
What are the origins of the transverse abdominis muscles?
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and the costal cartilage of the lower ribs.
What does the transverse abdominis’ course into anteriorly?
Transverse abdominis aponeurosis.
True or false; the transverse abdominis aponeurosis courses deep to the rectus abdominis?
True.
Where do the transverse abdominis muscles insert into?
Linea alba, pubic crest, and the pectineal line.
The ________ _______ muscle is a vertical strap muscle of the anterior abdominal wall.
Rectus abdominis.
What are the origins of the rectus abdominis superiorly?
Xiphoid process and lower costal cartilage.
What are the origins of the rectus abdominis inferiorly?
Pubic bone and pubic symphysis.
What is the rectus sheath?
Formed by the external, and internal oblique aponeurosis, and the transverse abdominis aponeurosis.
Does the rectus sheath completely enclose the rectus abdominis?
No, the rectus sheath only enclose the superior 3/4 of rectus abdominis muscle, and the anterior surface of the inferior 1/4 of the rectus abdominis muscle.
A vertical midline fascia that separates the paired rectus abdominis muscles and is formed by the fusion of the three pairs of aponeuroses of the anterior abdominal muscles.
Linea alba.
A horizontal line between the umbilicus and the pubic symphysis that delineates the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath.
Arcuate line.
Small, triangular-shaped muscle, anterior to the rectus abdominis muscle.
Pyramidalis muscle.
What is the origin of the pyramidalis muscles?
Linea alba.
What is the insertion of the pyramidalis muscles?
Pubic bone.
What is the Valsalva maneuver?
Forcibly exhaling against a closed airway, which increases intra-abdominal pressure.
What are the 3 deep fascial layers posterior to the anterior abdominal wall muscles?
Transversalis fascia, Extraperitoneal fat, and Parietal peritoneum.
A thin, aponeurotic membrane deep to the transverse abdominis muscles.
Transversalis fascia.
A thin layer of connective tissue and fat lining the abdominal wall between the transversalis fascia and the parietal peritoneum.
Extraperitoneal fat.
Serous membrane lining the internal surface of the abdominal wall.
Parietal peritoneum.
During a C-section from skin to uterus, what in order is the surgeon cutting through?
Skin, Camper’s Fascia, Scarpa’s Fascia, Rectus sheath, pyramidalis muscle, rectus abdominis muscle, transversalis fascia, extrapertioneal fat, and finally parietal peritoneum.
