Antebellum America: Religion, Reform, and Renaissance

Question 1

Approximately 100 reform communities in the decades before the Civil War

Characterized by: iron discipline of a single leader, democratic organization, religious conviction, desire to counteract changes caused by market revolution

Answer 1

Utopian Communities

Answer 2

Socialism

Question 3

Most successful of the religious utopian communities with about 5,000 members from Maine to Kentucky

Founded in late 1700s by Mother Ann Lee

Believed God had a “dual” personality, male and female; “virgin purity” was important

Grew through converts and adopting orphans

Answer 3

Shakers

Question 4

Founded in upstate New York by John Noyes in 1848

Preached that man could become perfect, sinless and that all members formed a single “holy family” of equals that allowed for “complex marriage”

Answer 4

Oneida