Anatomy - Shoulder

Question 1

Regarding shoulder joint

Answer 1

3 bones
4 joints
4 bursae
6 ligaments
10 muscles involve in shoulder movement

Question 2

Bones

Answer 2

1. Humerus
2. Scapulae
3. Clavicle

Question 3

Joints

Answer 3

1. Glenohumeral joint (ball and socket)
2. Acromioclavicular joint (AC)
3. Sternoclavicular (SC)
4. Scapulothoracic (false joint)

Question 4

Bursae

Answer 4

1. Subcutaneous acromial
2. Subdeltoid
3. Subcoracoid
4. Subtendinous (subscapularis)

Question 5

Intrinsic shoulder muscles

Scapulohumeral

Answer 5

“Originates from scapula or clavicle, attach to humerus”

1. Deltoid
2. Teres major
   . . . . .
   “Rotator cuff muscles”
3. Supraspinatus
4. Infraspinatus
5. Teres minor
6. Subscapularis
   . . . . .
   +biceps
   +coracobrachialis
   +pectoralis major

Question 6

Shoulder flexors

Answer 6

1. Anterior deltoid
   (Deltoid tuberosity)
2. Pectoralis major
   (Greater tubercle)
3. Biceps
   (Supraglenoid tubercle, coracoid process)
4. Coracobrachialis
   (medial humerus shaft)

Question 7

Shoulder extensor

Answer 7

1. Posterior deltoid
   (deltoid tuberosity)
2. Latissimus dorsi
   (crest of lesser tubercle)
3. Teres major
   (medial intertubercular sulcus)

Question 8

Shoulder abductors

Answer 8

1. Middle deltoid
   (Deltoid tuberosity)
2. Supraspinatus
   (Greater tubercle)

Question 9

Shoulder adductors

Answer 9

1. Pectoralis major
   (Crest of greater tubercle)
2. Latissimus dorsi
   (crest of lesser tuberosity)
3. Teres major
   (Medial intertubercular sulcus)
4. Teres minor
   (Greater tubercle)

Question 10

Lateral rotators

Answer 10

1. Infraspinatus
   (Greater tubercle)

2 Teres minor
(Greater tubercle)

3. Posterior deltoid (Deltoid tuberosity)

Question 11

Medial rotators

Answer 11

1. Subscapularis
   (lesser tubercle)
2. Latissimus dorsi
   (crest of lesser tubercle)
3. Teres major
   (medial intertubercular)
4. Anterior deltoid

Question 12

Extrinsic shoulder muscles

Answer 12

“Originates from torso, attach to shoulder bones”

Superficial

1. Latissimus dorsi*
2. Trapezius

Deep

1. Levator scapulae
2. Rhomboid major
3. Rhomboid minor

*involve in shoulder movements

Question 13

Ligaments

Answer 13

1. Capsule
2. Transverse humeral ligament (between two tuberosity)
3. Glenohumeral ligaments
   - superior
   - middle
   - inferior
4. Coracohumeral ligament
5. Coracoacromial ligament (limits abduction to 90 degree)
6. Coracoclavicular ligament (conoid, trapezoid)

Question 14

Shoulder movement

Answer 14

1. Flexion
2. Extension and hyperextension
3. Abduction
4. Adduction
5. Medial rotation
6. Lateral rotation
7. Circumduction

Question 15

Blood supply

Answer 15

1. Anterior circumflex humeral artery (axillary)
2. Posterior circumflex humeral artery
3. Suprascapular (subclavien)

Question 15

Nerve supply

Answer 15

1. Axillary nerve

2. Suprascapular nerve