Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy II > Anatomy Practical Exam > Flashcards

Anatomy Practical Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Alimentary Canal

A

Whole passage along which food passes through the body from mouth to anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Accessory Organ

A

Organ that helps with digestion but is not part of the digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peritoneal Cavity

A

Potential space between parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gastroesophageal Sphincter

A

A ring of smooth muscle fibers connecting esophagus and stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pyloric Sphincter

A

Band of smooth muscle at junction of pylorus and duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Duodenum

A

First part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Jejunum

A

Middle part of small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ileum

A

Third portion of small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Colon

A

Long, coiled tubelike organ that removes water from digested foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pancreas (Digestive)

A

Large gland behind the stomach that secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Liver

A

Large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mucosa

A

Mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Submucosa

A

Layer of areolar tissue beneath mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Muscularis Externa

A

Region of muscle adjacent to submucosa

Responsible for peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Serosa

A

Tissue of serous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acinar Cells

A

Cluster of cells that resemble a “berry”

Produce pancreatic enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pancreatic Islet

A

Clusters of cells scattered throughout the pancreas that produce insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Liver Lobule

A

Unit of the liver consisting of masses of liver cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Digestive Enzyme

A

Enzyme that breaks down polymeric macromolecules into building blocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Chemical Digestion

A

Digestion using enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Emulsification

A

The breakdown of fat globules in duodenum into tiny droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bile

A

Bitter alkaline fluid that aids in digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Salivary Amylase

A

Source: Salivary glands
Function: Begins starch digestion in the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pepsin

A

Source: Stomach
Convertion: Converted from pepsinogen by HCl
Function: Digests proteins to shorter peptide chains, which then pass to the small intestine to complete digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Trypsin
Source: Pancreas Convertion: Converted from trypsinogen by enterokinase Function: Digests proteins
26
Pancreatic Lipase
Source: Pancreas Function: Digests fat
27
Brush Border Enzymes
Source: Small intestine Function: Carry out some of the final stages of chemical digestion
28
Endocrine Organ
Glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the blood
29
Hormone
Regulatory substance transported in tissue fluids to stimulate specific cells
30
Target Tissue
Tissue or organ that is affected by a hormone
31
Negative Feedback
Counteraction of an effect by its own influence
32
Hypothalamus
Region of the forebrain below the thalamus that coordinates autonomic nervous system and pituitary
33
Thyroid Gland
Ductless gland that regulates growth and development through metabolism
34
Parathyroid Glands
Produce parathyroid hormones | Usually have four
35
Pineal Gland
Conical mass of tissue behind the third ventricle of the brain secreting hormone-like substances
36
Thymus
Lymphoid organ that produces T Cells
37
Pancreas (Endocrine)
Secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar
38
Adrenal Cortex
Outer portion of the adrenal gland that produces steroid hormones to regulate carbohydrate and fat metabolism
39
Adrenal Medulla
Inner part of adrenal gland that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
40
Ovaries
Produce ova/eggs
41
Testes
Produce spermatozoa
42
Antidiuretic Hormone
Secreted from: Posterior Pituitary Stimulus: Nerve impulses from the hypothalamus when water decreases Target Tissue: Kidneys
43
Oxytocin
Secreted from: Posterior Pituitary Stimulus: Nerve impulses from hypothalamus or cervix Target Tissue: Uterus, mammary glands
44
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
Secreted from: Anterior Pituitary Stimulus: TRH from the hypothalamus Target Tissue: Thyroid
45
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Secreted from: Anterior Pituitary Stimulus: CRH from hypothalamus Target Tissue: Adrenal Cortex
46
Growth Hormone
Secreted from: Anterior Pituitary Stimulus: GHRH from hypothalamus Target Tissue: Liver, bone, cartilage, muscle, fat
47
Prolactin
Secreted from: Anterior Pituitary Stimulus: PRH from hypothalamus Target Tissue: Mammary glands, testes
48
Melatonin
Secreted from: Pineal Gland Stimulus: Dark increases, light decreases Target Tissue: Brain
49
Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine | T3 and T4
Secreted from: Thyroid Stimulus: Increased metabolic rate Target Tissue: Most tissues
50
Calcitonin
Secreted from: Thyroid Stimulus: Hypercalcemia Target Tissue: Bone
51
Thymosin and Thymopoietin
Secreted from: Thymus Stimulus: Immune development Target Tissue: Immune cells (T lymphocytes)
52
Parathyroid Hormone
Secreted from: Parathyroids Stimulus: Hypocalcemia Target Tissue: Bone, kidneys, small intestine
53
Cortisol
Secreted from: Adrenal Cortex Stimulus: ACTH from anterior pituitary during stress Target Tissue: Most tissues
54
Aldosterone
Secreted from: Adrenal Cortex Stimulus: Decreased sodium, increased blood calcium, decreased blood volume/blood pressure Target Tissue: Kidney
55
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Secreted from: Adrenal Medulla Stimulus: Sympathetic impulses from the hypothalamus Target Tissue: Most tissues
56
Insulin
Secreted from: Pancreatic Islets Stimulus: Hyperglycemia Target Tissue: Most tissues
57
Glucagon
Secreted from: Pancreatic Islets Stimulus: Hypoglycemia Target Tissue: Primarily liver
58
Testes
Organs that produce spermatozoa
59
Seminiferous Tubules
Specific location of meiosis in the testes
60
Epididymis
Highly convoluted duct behind the testes from where sperm passes to the vas deferens
61
Vas Deferens
Duct that conveys sperm from testicles to urethra
62
Spermatic Cord
Bundle of nerves, ducts, and blood vessels connecting testicles to the abdomen
63
Seminal Vesicle
Each of a pair of glands that open into the vas deferens near its junction and secretes components of semen
64
Prostate Gland
Gland surrounding the neck of the male bladder that releases prostatic fluid
65
Corpus Spongiosum
Mass of erectile tissue along the corpora cavernosa
66
Corpora Cavernosa
Mass of erectile tissue forming the penis
67
Ovarian Follicles
Fluid-filled structure where ovum develops before ovulation
68
Uterine Tube
Transport ovum from ovary to uterus
69
Uterus
Where offspring are conceived and gestate
70
Cervix
Necklike passage on the lower end of the uterus
71
Vagina
Muscular tube from external genitals to cervix
72
Vulva
Female external genitals
73
Mammary Glands
Milk-producing glands
74
Meiosis I
Cell division that produces reproductive cells
75
Meiosis II
Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II
76
Haploid
Single set of unpaired chromosomes
77
Spermatogenesis
Formation of sperm
78
Oogenesis
Formation of ovum
79
Prophase
Chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and nuclear envelope disappears Crossing over occurs
80
Metaphase
Chromosomes become attached to spindle fibers
81
Anaphase
Chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle
82
Telophase
Chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed

Anatomy II (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions