Alkenes 4.1.3

Question 1

What is an Unsaturated Hydrocarbon?

Answer 1

A hydrocarbon with C=C or C≡C bonds

not sturated with atoms

Question 2

What is a Saturated Hydrocarbon?

Answer 2

A hydrocarbon with only C-C bonds

staurated with atoms

Question 3

What is the Bond Angle and shape around a C=C bond?

Answer 3

120°

Trigonal Plannar

Question 4

What is a Doub,le Bond?

Answer 4

When P orbitals overlap around a normal bond

Question 5

What the name and symbol for a single bond?

Answer 5

σ

Question 6

What is the name and symbol for a double bond?

Answer 6

π

Question 7

Why are Double bonds not double the strength of single bonds?

Answer 7

π bonds are not as strong as σ bonds

Question 8

What shape is a Double Bond?

Answer 8

σ bonds are a straight line between the two atoms

π bonds are a area around the σ bond and not directly between the atoms

Question 9

What is Stereoisomerism?

Answer 9

The fact that molecules with the same molecular formula are able to be arranged in different arrangements in 3d space

Question 10

What is a Z Isomer?

Answer 10

An isomer where the group/atom are on the same side of the double bond
They have a C shape layout
Also known as Cis isomers

Question 11

What is an E Isomer?

Answer 11

An isomer where the group/atom are on different sides of the double bond
They have a Z shape layout
Also known as Trans isomers

Question 12

What is Hydrogenation?

Answer 12

When hydrogen is added to the C=C bond

Question 13

What conditions does Hydrogenation take place in?

Answer 13

200°C
1000kPa (10atm)
Nickel or Platinum Catalyst

Question 14

Define Electrophile?

Answer 14

An electron pair acceptor

Question 15

What is Electrophilic Addition?

Answer 15

When a polar molecule reacts with an alkene

Question 16

How are Alkenes tested for?

Answer 16

Bromine water will change from orange to clear if an alkene is added. as it will under go electrophilic addition

Question 17

What is Steam Hydration?

Answer 17

When steam is reacted with an alkene to produce an alcohol

Question 18

What is Markownikoff’s Rule?

Answer 18

That Hydrogen will preferable add to the carbon with the most hydrogens already attached

Question 19

What is Polymerisation?

Answer 19

When C=C bonds are attached to C=C bonds of other alkenes to form long chains

Question 20

What can be done with waste Polymers?

Answer 20

Burnt to produce energy (but produces CO2 and potentialy toxic fumes)
Discarded in landfill (but very bad for enviroment)
Made into short chain hydrocarbons (then into fuel, feedstock or more polymers)

Question 21

What is a Repeat Unit?

Answer 21

It is the alkene which the polymer is made from in its polymer form.
(Single bonds stuck out each end)