Acid-Base & Redox Reactions 2.1.4 & 2.1.5

Question 1

What is an Acid?

Answer 1

A species that is a proton (H+ ion) donor

Question 2

What is a Base?

Answer 2

A species that is a proton (h+ ion) acceptor

Question 3

What is an Alkali?

Answer 3

A soluble base that releases Hydroxide (OH-) ions into water

Question 4

What is a Strong Acid?

Answer 4

An acid which fully dissociates in water. Becoming fully ionised

Question 5

What is a Weak Acid?

Answer 5

An acid which partialy dissociates in water

Question 6

What is a Salt?

Answer 6

An ionic compound formed from an acid when the H+ ion has been replaced by a metal ion or other positive ion

Question 7

What is a Cation?

Answer 7

A positively charged ion

Question 8

What is an Anion?

Answer 8

A negatively charged ion

Question 9

What is Oxidation?

Answer 9

The loss of electron

∴ increase in charge

Question 10

What is Reduction?

Answer 10

The gain of electrons

∴ decrease in charge

Question 11

What is a Redox Reaction?

Answer 11

A reaction where the oxidation states are changed.

One species is reduced, one species in oxidised

Question 12

What are the product when an Acid and Carbonate react?

Answer 12

Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

Question 13

What are the products when an Acid and Base react?

Answer 13

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Question 14

What are the products when an Acid and Alkali react?

Answer 14

Acid + Alkali → Salt + Water

Question 15

What is an Oxidation Number?

Answer 15

a number assigned to an element in which represents the number of electrons lost or gained, by an atom in a compound.

Question 16

What are the Oxidation Numbers of Group 1?

Answer 16

Group 1 always forms +1 ions

Question 17

What are the Oxidation Numbers of Group 2?

Answer 17

Group 2 always forms +2 ions

Question 18

What are the Oxidation Numbers of Group 3?

Answer 18

Group 3 always forms +3 ions

Question 19

What is the Oxidation Number of Hydrogen?

Answer 19

Usually +1

In NaH it is -1

Question 20

What are the different Oxidation Numbers of Oxygen?

Answer 20

Usually -2
-1 in H(2)O(2) Hydrogen Peroxide
+2 in F(2)O

Question 21

What is the Oxidation Number of Fluorine?

Answer 21

Usually -1

0 when in F(2)

Question 22

What is the Oxidation Number of Chlorine?

Answer 22

Usually -1

0 when in Cl(2) or with F or O