Acid-Base & Redox Reactions 2.1.4 & 2.1.5 Flashcards
What is an Acid?
A species that is a proton (H+ ion) donor
What is a Base?
A species that is a proton (h+ ion) acceptor
What is an Alkali?
A soluble base that releases Hydroxide (OH-) ions into water
What is a Strong Acid?
An acid which fully dissociates in water. Becoming fully ionised
What is a Weak Acid?
An acid which partialy dissociates in water
What is a Salt?
An ionic compound formed from an acid when the H+ ion has been replaced by a metal ion or other positive ion
What is a Cation?
A positively charged ion
What is an Anion?
A negatively charged ion
What is Oxidation?
The loss of electron
∴ increase in charge
What is Reduction?
The gain of electrons
∴ decrease in charge
What is a Redox Reaction?
A reaction where the oxidation states are changed.
One species is reduced, one species in oxidised
What are the product when an Acid and Carbonate react?
Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
What are the products when an Acid and Base react?
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
What are the products when an Acid and Alkali react?
Acid + Alkali → Salt + Water
What is an Oxidation Number?
a number assigned to an element in which represents the number of electrons lost or gained, by an atom in a compound.
What are the Oxidation Numbers of Group 1?
Group 1 always forms +1 ions
What are the Oxidation Numbers of Group 2?
Group 2 always forms +2 ions
What are the Oxidation Numbers of Group 3?
Group 3 always forms +3 ions
What is the Oxidation Number of Hydrogen?
Usually +1
In NaH it is -1
What are the different Oxidation Numbers of Oxygen?
Usually -2
-1 in H(2)O(2) Hydrogen Peroxide
+2 in F(2)O
What is the Oxidation Number of Fluorine?
Usually -1
0 when in F(2)
What is the Oxidation Number of Chlorine?
Usually -1
0 when in Cl(2) or with F or O
