Alcohols Flashcards
Why is there lactic acidosis & hypoglycemia in ethanol metabolism?
Increased metabolism -> inc NADH:NAD+ ration -> diverts pyruvate to lactate & OAA to malate
Aftermath: inhibits gluconeogenesis & stimulates FA synthesis
Consequence: hypoglycemia & hepatic fatty change
Responsible for ethanol metabolism at blood levels higher than 100 mg/dL
Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System (MEOS)
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)
50-100 : Sedation, Subjective high, slower reactions
60-80 : Impairment of driving ability
100-200: Impaired Motor function
>500 : death; respiratory depression
Most common complication of chronic alcohol abuse
Liver disease
Most common neurologic abnormality in chronic alcoholics
Peripheral neuropathy
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
assoc w/ VitB1 thiamine deficiency
Weird ACO - Wernicke
Ataxia, Confusion, Opthalmoplegia
Korsakoff
Irreversible memory loss, confabulation, psychosisWhat changes in the brain are seen in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
Hemorrhagic necrosis of the mamillary bodies
Cardioprotective alcohol level
10-15 g/day of ethanol (1 bottle of beer) raises HDL levels and may protect against CAD
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Mental retardation (most common), growth deficiency, microcephaly Assoc w/ heavy consumption of alcohol during 1st tri
Delirium Tremens
H-A-D 48
Hallucinations, Autonomic instability, Delirium
48-72 hrs post discontinuation
DOC for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
thiamine Benzodiazepine (long acting) diazepam Intermediate acting (lorazepam) - px w/ compromise liver function
Drugs to treat Alcohol dependence
Disulfiram- aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor
Naltrexone (opioid receptor antagonist)
Acamprosate (NMDA receptor antagonist)
Drugs that cause Disulfiram Reaction
Clara took the Pre-Medical Test in the PM
Chlorpropamide CefoPerazone CefoMandole CefoTetan Procarbazine Metronidazole
Methanol Poisoning
Visual disturbance
Treatment for Methanol Poisoning
Ethanol - competitively inhibits oxidation of methanol
Fomepizole - alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor
