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Pharmacology 1 > Antibiotic agents > Flashcards

Antibiotic agents Flashcards

0
Q

Bacteriostatic Antibiotics

A

We’re ECSTaTiC about bacteriostatics

Erythromycin
Clindamycin
Sulfamethoxazole
Trimethoprim
Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
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1
Q

Bactericidal Antibiotics

A

Very Finely Proficient At Murder

Vancomycin
Fluroquinolones
Penicillins
Aminoglycosides
Metronidazole
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2
Q

MOA of Penicillin

A

binds to PBPs

inhibits transpeptidation in bacterial cell walls

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3
Q

Describe the antimicrobial coverage of extended spectrum penicillins

A 
Amoxicillins HELPS kill Enterococci
H. influenzae
E. coli
L. monocytogenes
Proteus
Salmonella
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4
Q

Treatment for Psuedombranous colitis

A

DOC: metronidazole

next line: Vancomycin (oral)

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5
Q

Microbial Coverage of 1st Gen Cephalosporins

A

+PEcKs FIRST

Gram+
Proteus
E. coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae

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6
Q

First Gen Cephalosporins

A

FADer help me FaZ my PHarmacology boards!

CeFADroxil
CeFAZolin
CePHalothin
CePHapirin
CePHradine
CePHalexine
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7
Q

Microbial Coverage of 2nd Gen Cephalosporins

A

HEN PEcKS

H. Influenzae
Enterobacter Aerogenes
Neisseria spp

Proteus Mirabilis
E. coli
K. Pneumoniae
Serratia marcescens

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8
Q

2nd Gen Cephalosporins

A

In a FAMily gathering, you see your FOXy cousin wearing a FUR coat and drinking Tea

CeFAMandole, CeFOXitin, CeFURoxime, CefoTEtan

FAC, LORA the PROfessional AZhOLE is still on the FONe

CeFAClor, LORAcarbef, CefPROzil, CefmetAZOLE, CeFONicid

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9
Q

3rd Generation Cephalosporins

A 
FEnge PO ng PERA to fix my TTTTTV
CeFEtamet
CefPOdoxin
CefoPERAzone
CeFIXime
CefTriaxone
CefTazidine
CefoTaxime
CefTizoxime
CefTibuten
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10
Q

2nd Gen Ceph that can cross BBB

A

Cefuroxime

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11
Q

Anti- Pseudomonal Cephalosporins

A

CefTAZidime (3rd)
CeFEPime (4th)
CeFOPerazone (3rd)

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12
Q

4th Gen Cephalosporin

A

Cefipime

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13
Q

Mononactam used for resistant beta-lactamases

NO activity against gram positive bacteria or anaerobes

A

Aztreonam

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14
Q

Beta Lactamase Inhibitors

A

Clavulanic acid
Tazobactam
Sulbactam

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15
Q

DOC for MRSA

SE: Red Man syndrome

A

Vancomycin

16
Q

Drugs of Last Resort

A

I AM your Last Shot at Victory

Imipenem
Amikacin
Meropenem
Linezolid
Streptogramibs
Vancomycin
17
Q

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

A

BUY AT 30, CELLS at 50

30s
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines

50s
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin (Macrolides)
Lincosamides (clindamycin)
Linezolid 
Streptogramins
18
Q

Gray Baby Syndrome
- ashen gray skin
Aplastic anemia (idiosyncratic)

A

Chloramphenicol

19
Q

MOA: block attachment of T-RNA to acceptor site

SE: tooth enamel dysplasia
photosensitivity

NO to milk!

A

Tetracycline

20
Q

Only macrolide that is not a CYP450 inhibitor

A

Azithromycin

21
Q

Causes Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin

22
Q

Clindamycin vs Metronidazole

A

both for anaerobic infections

clindamycin - above the diaphragm
metronidazole - below the diaphragm

23
Q

Causes arthralgia-myalgia syndrome

A

Quinopristin-Dalfopristin

streptogramin

24
Q

Postantibiotic effect

A

Aminoglycosides & flouroquinolone

25
Q

Aminoglycoside w/ Narrowest therapeutic window

A

Amikacin

26
Q

MOA: bind to 30s ribosomal unit interferes with synthesis of protein synthesis
Block formation of initiation complex
Cause misreading of code on the mRNA template
Inhibit translocation
Require O2 transport

A

Aminoglycosides

27
Q

Aminoglycoside resistance

A

Plasmid mediated inactivation

Amikacin - resistant to many enzyme

28
Q

Aminoglycosides

A 
Mean GNATS canNOT kill anaerobes
Gentamicin
Neomycin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin

Are nephrotoxic, ototoxic, teratogens

29
Q

Most vestibulotoxic & nephrotoxic aminoglycosides

A

Tobramycin

Gentamicin

30
Q

Aminoglycoside used in hepatic encephalopathy

SE: neuromuscular blockade

A

Neomycin

31
Q

Most ototoxic aminoglycoside

A

Amikacin, kanamycin

32
Q

MOA: competitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase

Resembles PABA

A

Sulfonamide

33
Q

DOC: P. Jiroveci

A

Co-trimazole

34
Q

MOA of fluoroquinolones

A

Inhibits

1) topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) in gram (-)
2) topoisomerase IV in gram (+)

35
Q

DOC atypical pneumonia

A

Macrolides

36
Q

SE: tendinitis & tendon rupture

A

Flouroquinolomes

37
Q

MOA: reactive reduction by ferredoxin forming free radicals that disrup electron transport chain

A

Metronidazole

Pharmacology 1 (17 decks)

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