Alcohol (14)

Question 1

Why is alcohol considered a food?

Answer 1

It is made from carbohydrates

Question 2

Why is alcohol considered a drug?

Answer 2

It modifies various bodily functions (low dose = stimulant, high dose = depressant)

Question 3

Alcohol % in beer

Answer 3

4-6% in 355ml can

Question 4

Alcohol % in wine

Answer 4

8-14% in over half cup

Question 5

Alcohol % in distilled liquor

Answer 5

40% in 44ml shot

Question 6

1 drink is equivalent to…

Answer 6

44mL distilled, 148mL wine, 355mL beer

Question 7

Standard drinks per day

Answer 7

1 (women)
2 (men)

Question 8

Moderate consumption may protect from heart disease? T/F

Answer 8

True, men (>45) and women (>55)

Question 9

Positives of the pigment in red wine (grape juice)

Answer 9

-antioxidant
-inhibit blood clot formation

Question 10

Moderate consumption may protect against…

Answer 10

1) type 2 diabetes
2) ischemic stroke (blockages… because increases HDL the good cholesterol and takes bad (plaque) out)

Question 11

Is alcoholism considered a chronic disease?

Answer 11

Yes, and progressive

Question 12

Heavy drinking

Answer 12

about 5+ a day

Question 13

Symptoms of alcohol poisoning

Answer 13

-passing out
-semi consciousness
-cold, pale, blue-ish skin
-vomiting while sleeping
-slow/irregular breathing
-seizures

Question 14

Does alcohol consumption increase cancer risk?

Answer 14

Yes; breast, mouth, pharynx, esophagus, liver, larynx, colorectum

Question 15

Risks with increased alcohol consumption

Answer 15

high BP, stroke, heart attack, cirrhosis (liver damage), cancers, vitamin/mineral deficiencies, fetal alcohol syndrome, accidents, drownings, violent behavior

Question 16

Taking risks when drinking may lead to…

Answer 16

1) getting hurt or death
2) sexual risk taking
3) suicide and self-harm

Question 17

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)

Answer 17

-developed in children whose mothers drank during pregnancy
-impaired growth and mental development
-10% distinct facial features (small eyes, thin upper lip)

Question 18

How many calories/gram are in pure alcohol?

Answer 18

7 cal/g

Question 19

% of calories from alcohol in general pop vs heavy drinkers

Answer 19

general (3-9%)
heavy drinkers (50%!!!)

Question 20

Is alcohol stored in the body?

Answer 20

NO, will remain in the body until eliminated (blood/tissue/fat)

Question 21

Describe alcohol absorption in the body?

Answer 21

Easy, and rapid

Question 22

What % of alcohol is immediately eliminated?

Answer 22

10% (lungs, sweat, saliva, urine)

Question 23

Why do women have a lower alcohol tolerance?

Answer 23

1) less alcohol dehydrogenase (less immediately metabolized)
2) women have more body fat and less water (alcohol dispersed in water)
3) lower blood volume

Question 24

What contributes most to blood alcohol concentrations (BAC)

Answer 24

1) amount of alcohol consumed
2) presence or absence of food
3) rate of alcohol metabolism (liver)

Question 25

What increase blood alcohol levels rapidly?

Answer 25

-drinking on an empty stomach
-high concentration alcohol (faster absorption)
-carbonated beverages

Question 26

How do you slow down alcohol absorption?

Answer 26

-eating before/during
-diluting w/ water or fruit juice

Question 27

What relevance is 0.8%

Answer 27

impaired driving limit

Question 28

What qualities are associated w/ 0.08-0.10%

Answer 28

impairment in all driving skills, coordination, balance and speech

Question 29

What qualities are associated w/ 0.13%

Answer 29

severe slurred speech, double vision, dulled reflexes, unsteadiness, dangerously impaired decision making, vomiting

Question 30

What qualities are associated w/ >0.35%

Answer 30

loss of consciousness, alcohol poisoning, can cause death

Question 31

How much alcohol can the liver process in an hour?

Answer 31

1 drink, alcohol will circulate until processed

Question 32

What are the three levels of damage to the liver

Answer 32

1) fatty liver (fat accumulates - reversible)
2) fibrosis (liver cells die and form scar tissue)
3) cirrhosis (chronic, life threatening, least reversible, requires liver transplant)

Question 33

Why might someone become more talkative, more self-confident, and less socially inhibited when drinking?

Answer 33

Alcohol depresses the behavioral inhibitory centers

Question 34

Why might someone have trouble seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, tasting, and feeling pain when drinking?

Answer 34

Information processing from senses is slowed

Question 35

Why do people exhibit bad judgement and unclear thinking when drinking?

Answer 35

Inhibits thought processes

Question 36

Can you sober up using physical activity or eating

Answer 36

No, only time

Question 37

Why is it dangerous to combine drugs and alcohol?

Answer 37

-compete for processing (metabolism/detoxification)
-alcohol takes precedence (drug builds up in blood)
-bleeding, liver damage, severe sedation

Question 38

Why is the combination of energy drinks and alcohol dangerous?

Answer 38

-energy drinks (stimulant) and alcohol (depressant)
-“mask” effects, feel less drunk, but still experiencing impairments

Question 39

Type 1 alcoholism

Answer 39

> 25 generally environmental and genetic in origin

Question 40

Type 2 alcoholism

Answer 40

genetic, occurs with early exposure

Question 41

What effect may drinking at a younger age have?

Answer 41

Greater chances of developing a drinking problem

Question 42

wine is fermented…

Answer 42

sugar in grapes

Question 43

beer is fermented…

Answer 43

sugar in malted barley

Question 44

cider is fermented…

Answer 44

sugar in apples

Question 45

vodka is fermented…

Answer 45

sugar in potatoes