Aggression Flashcards
(13 cards)
Define ‘aggression’
The intent to harm outside the laws of the game
Define ‘assertion’
Forceful behaviour within the laws of the game
Suggest some causes of aggression
- Bias of the referee
- Retaliation
- Importance of comp (pressure)
- Contact sport
- Poor play (frustration)
- Hostile crowd/ rivalry
Name three theories of aggression
- Interactionist
- Social learning
- Instinct
Describe instinct theory
- Aggression is innate
- Result of evolution
- Aggressive desire needs to be released
Give three criticisms of instinct (trait) theory
- Suggests everyone shows aggressive behaviour
- Not all aggression is spontaneous
- Doesn’t acknowledge that people can learn not to be aggressive
Name the two theories within interactionist theory
- Frustration Aggression Hypothesis
- Aggressive Cue Hypothesis
Describe Frustration Aggression Hypothesis theory (Interactionist theory)
- Frustration causes aggression
- Aggression will either cause catharsis or punishment
Give two criticisms of frustration aggression hypothesis theory
- Frustration doesn’t always lead to aggression
- Catharsis is unlikely but also would be punished and so would not ease frustration for long
Describe Aggressive Cue Hypothesis (Interactionist theory)
- Frustration increases arousal
- There must be an environmental trigger to cause aggression as well as elevated arousal
- Dependent on personality and experience
Describe social learning theory
Aggressive behaviour is observed and copied
Give two criticisms of social learning theory
- Dismisses importance of personality type
- People are free to make their own choices and won’t always copy significant others
Name six ways in which aggression can be reduced
- Down-play the importance of an event
- Remove performer from the situation
- Demo non-aggressive role models
- Punish to break S-R bond
- Positive reinforcement
- Stress management
