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ENRP - Exam 2 > Adrenal Medulla and MEN Syndromes > Flashcards

Adrenal Medulla and MEN Syndromes Flashcards

1
Q

What cells are in the Adrenal Medulla?

A

Chromaffin cells

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2
Q

What do Chromaffiin cells in the Medulla secrete?

A

Catecholamines = Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

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3
Q

The Adrenal Medulla is under what control?

A

Sympathetic control

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4
Q

Stat rule on Pheochromocytomas?

A

10% rule

– 25% familial

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5
Q

A Pheochromocytoma is found in the medulla. What does it secrete?

A

Catecholamines

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6
Q

What is a very profound symptom with Pheochromocytomas?

A

HTN

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7
Q

What is the classic triad seen with Pheochromocytomas?

A

Headache
Palpitations
Diaphoresis

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8
Q

What is the classic triad seen with Pheochromocytomas?

A

Headache
Palpitations
Diaphoresis

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9
Q

Pheochromocytoma symptoms can be chronic or paroxysmal. If chronic, what risk is the patient at risk for?

A

Cardiomyopathy

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10
Q

What histo item is used to describe Pheochromocytomas?

A

Zellballen

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11
Q

How can you diagnose a Pheochromocytoma?

A

Urine/Serum Metanephrines

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12
Q

A Myelolipoma is another tumor of the Adrenal Medulla. Benign or Malignant?

A

Benign

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13
Q

What is a Myelolipoma made of?

A

Bone marrow

Fat

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14
Q

Myelolipomas are made of bone marrow and fat. How can they present?

A

Hemorrahge

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15
Q

MEN stands for?

A

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia

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16
Q

Where is the mutation with MEN1?

A

Tumor suppressor loss of function MEN1 (menin)

17
Q

What is found with MEN1?

A

Pituitary Adenoma
Pancreatic Endocrine Tumor
Parathyroid Adenoma

18
Q

What is found with MEN1?

A

Pituitary Adenoma
Pancreatic Endocrine tumor
Parathyroid Adenoma

19
Q

Duodenal Gastrinomas can also be seen with which MEN?

A

MEN1

20
Q

Where is the mutation with MEN2A?

A

Gain of function in RET proto-oncogene

21
Q

What is found with MEN2A?

A

Parathyroid Adenoma
Pheochromocytoma
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

22
Q

What is found with MEN2A?

A

Parathyroid Adenoma
Pheochromocytoma
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

23
Q

Where is the mutation with MEN2B?

A

Gain of function point mutation in RET proto-oncogene

24
Q

What is found with MEN2B?

A

Pheochromocytoma
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Mucosal Neuromas
Marfanoid body habitus

25
Q

What is found with MEN2B?

A

Pheochromocytoma
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Mucosal Neuromas
Marfanoid body habitus

26
Q

With MEN2A/B, which finding will almost always be present?

A

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

27
Q

With the MEN syndromes, how will the patients be? Precursor lesion? Number of tumors?

A

Younger
Multiple tumors
Preceding hyperplasia

28
Q

What is the pineal gland comprised of?

A

Photoreceptor containing neural tissue

29
Q

What does the pineal gland secrete?

A

Melatonin

30
Q

What are 3 possible tumors of the pineal gland?

A

Germ cell
Pineocytoma
Pineoblastoma

ENRP - Exam 2 (21 decks)

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