Adrenal Cortex

Question 1

1. Measurement of urinary free cortisol (UFC) is typically
   used as a screening test for
   a. hyperaldosteronism.
   b. cortisol hypersecretion.
   c. adrenal insufficiency.
   d. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Answer 1

b. cortisol hypersecretion.

Question 2

2. Glucocorticoids __________blood glucose concentrations by altering synthesis of gluconeogenic
   enzymes.

a. increase
b. decrease
c. do not affect

Answer 2

a. increase

Question 3

3. The primary mineralocorticoid is

a. cortisol.
b. dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).
c. 11-deoxycortisol.
d. aldosterone.

Answer 3

d. aldosterone.

Question 4

4. The major site of steroid hormone metabolism that
   involves the P450 enzyme systems is the

a. liver.
b. kidney.
c. gastrointestinal tract.
d. adipose tissue

Answer 4

a. liver.

Question 5

5. The stimulation test that is used to assess the ability of the
   adrenal glands to synthesize cortisol is referred to as the

a. dexamethasone test.
b. metapyrone test.
c. cosyntropin test.
d. salt-loading test.

Answer 5

c. cosyntropin test.

Question 6

6. Primary adrenal insufficiency is referred to as

a. Cushing syndrome.
b. Addison disease
c. Conn syndrome.
d. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Answer 6

b. Addison disease

Question 7

7. The adrenocortical disorder that results from loss-offunction mutations in specific adrenocortical enzymes
   responsible for the synthesis of cortisol is

a. Cushing syndrome.
b. Addison disease.
c. Conn syndrome.
d. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Answer 7

d. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Question 8

8. The anterior pituitary hormone that is responsible for
   increasing the size and number of adrenocortical cells
   and for eventual cortisol synthesis is

a. corticotropin.
b. growth hormone.
c. corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).
d. aldosterone.

Answer 8

a. corticotropin.

Question 9

9. One of the main functions of the mineralocorticoids is

a. increasing blood glucose.
b. increased fat breakdown.
c. sodium retention.
d. glycogen synthesis.

Answer 9

c. sodium retention.

Question 10

10. Which one of the following disorders is the result of
    autonomous excessive production of cortisol?

a. Cushing syndrome
b. Addison disease
c. Conn syndrome
d. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Answer 10

a. Cushing syndrome