ac3.2 DONT DO

Question 1

Two ways are built environment can affect the level of crime

Answer 1

influencing offenders behaviour, exercising control over the surroundings

Question 2

Defensible space definition

Answer 2

areas where there are clear boundaries so it is obvious who has the right to be there

Question 3

Indefensible space definition

Answer 3

areas with crime is more likely to occur such as anonymous stairwells, these belong to no one, cared for no one and are observed by no one

Question 4

Neumann argues that defensible spaces have low crime rates due to 4 key reasons

Answer 4

1. territoriality (encourages a sense of ownership eg cul de sac)
2. natural surveillance (residents can identify strangers)
3. safe image (gives impression that residents look after each other)
4. safe location (usually in areas surrounded by safety)

Question 5

CPTED surveillance

Answer 5

• observation, aim is about observing area looking for crime rather than creating an area accessible to it
• CCTV, mirrors, windows, lights, open spaces
• natural deterrent if offender knows they’re being watched

Question 6

CPTED access

Answer 6

• ensure only people who should be there are there
• locks, signs, fences
• physical barrier to prevent criminals from getting in

Question 7

CPTED maintenance

Answer 7

if area looks good people are more likely to commit crime because they think people are more likely to notice

• clean, tidy, open space
• reduces crimes such as vandalism and graffiti

Question 8

CPTED territoriality

Answer 8

• clearly defining spaces as public or private, having ownership
• Gates, signs, bollards
• May put offenders off as it’s clear what they should be used for and makes it easier to identify intruders because they can see who belongs here

Question 9

Alice Coleman research, three design features encourage crimes

Answer 9

anonymity, lack of surveillance, easy escape

Question 10

What are gated lanes and what are they used to prevent

Answer 10

residential area that is gated off and used to prevent burglaries, theft, graffiti

Question 11

Sidebottom et al, Gates reduce burglary rates for what reasons

Answer 11

physically can’t get in, know who is supposed to be there, ownership so they know it’s theirs, signs everywhere so clear who shouldn’t be there

Question 12

Limitations of gated lanes

Answer 12

Can’t have them sometimes because it’s public right of way, difficult for emergency services to access, might not be a criminal outside but a criminal inside such as domestic abuse, not everybody might want them