AC2.1- forms of social control

Question 1

internal forms of social control

Answer 1

• psychodynamic theory (ID, ego, superego)- we obey the law without being compelled to do so
• tradition and culture
• morality and socialisation
• rational ideology

Question 2

tradition and culture meaning

Answer 2

tradition is defined as customs or beliefs passed on through generations and culture is defined as values and norms that are part of our identity. These acts as a form of social control as they set out expectations and norms

Question 3

socialisation and rational ideology meaning

Answer 3

socialisation is how we learn about social expectations and how to interact with others which first takes place in childhood, rational ideology is when we internalise social rules and use them to tell us what is right and what is wrong

Question 4

external forms of social control

Answer 4

• coercion
• fear of punishment
• family (learn manners, tradition and culture, morality)
• education (teaches us hidden curriculum such as social skills and obeying to authority)
• peer groups (we pick and choose what norms and values we want from our peers, peers can peer pressure)

Question 5

criminal justice system in relation to external forms of social control

Answer 5

• government, set and pass laws
• police, stop and search, act as a deterrent, warrant to search house
• CPS, part or process of sending you to court and prison too
• Courts, set punishment and give out punishments

Question 6

Hirschi’s control theory

Answer 6

we are controlled by our bonds to society which keeps us from deviating, delinquent acts occur when an individuals bond to society is weak or broken

Question 7

what are the four elements of an individuals bond to society

Answer 7

1. attachment to parents, the more attached we are to parents, the more we will conform to not disappoint
2. commitment to conventional lifestyle, The more we are committed to a conventional lifestyle the more we will stick to a life without crime
3. involvement in conventional activities, you don’t have enough time to commit crime
4. beliefs, if we have been socialised to believe that it is right to obey the law, then we most likely will

Question 8

how do control theorist believe parenting has an impact on criminal behaviour

Answer 8

• Low self control is a major cause of crime which is then linked to poor socialisation and neglectful parenting
• we have psychological tendencies that can lead to criminality, but effective socialisation can provide ‘internal containment’ so resisting the temptation to offend (eg parental discipline)
• if a parent involves themselves in a teenagers life and spends time with them as well as taking interest in what they do at school and showing a strong disapproval of criminal behaviour, it will discourage crime from occurring

Question 9

How do feminist explain the lower levels of female offending through the control theory

Answer 9

• Patriarchal society controls females more closely so harder for them to offend
• Women don’t have enough time to commit crimes with the childcare and household responsibilities, however it was found that women who commit crime have attachment issues with their parents

Question 10

social control meaning

Answer 10

persuading/ compelling people to conform to society’s norms, law and expectations

Question 11

coercion

Answer 11

-use or threat of force in order to make someone do or stop doing something
-can involve physical/ psychological violence
-negative sanctions of CJS are an example of coercion
-eg sending someone to prison for stealing
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Question 12

fear of punishment

Answer 12

• form of coercion as it involves threat that force will be used against you if you do not obey the law
• DETERRENCE