ABSITE Review - Plastics Flashcards
What are the antigen presenting cells in the skin?
Langerhans cells
What type of UV radiation is responsible for chronic sun damage?
UV B
What are the risk factors for melanoma?
Dysplastic, atypical or large congenital nevi
Familial BK mole syndrome
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Fair complexion, easy sunburn, intermittent sunburns, previous skin cancers, previous XRT
What is the MC melanoma site for men and women?
Men - back
Women - legs
Melanoma originates from…
neural crest cells (melanocytes) in basal layer epidermis
What is the MC location for distant melanoma metastases?
Lung
What is the MC metastases to small bowel?
Melanoma
What is the MC type of melanoma?
Superficial spreading melanoma
WHat is the most aggressive type of melanoma?
Nodular
When you perform a SLN biopsy in melanoma?
When melanoma > 1mm deep
What are the Clark’s levels for melanoma?
I - epidermis BM intact II - papillary dermis through BM III - Junctional dermis between papillary and reticularis dermis IV - Reticular dermis V - Fat
What are the margins needed for melanoma resection depending on size?
1cm margin
1-4mm –> 2cm margin
>4mm –> 2-3cm margin
What is the MC skin cancer in USA?
Basal cell carcinoma
What are the clinical and pathologuc characteristic of basal cell carcinoma?
Clinical - Pearly appereance, rolled borders
Pathology - peripheral palisading of nuclei and stromal retraction
T/F: SCC metastisize more often than BCC
TRUE
What are risk factors for SCC?
actinic keratoses, xeroderma pigmentosum, Bowen’s disease, atrophic epidermis, arsenics, hydrocarbons, chlorophenols, nitrates, HPV, immunosuppresion, sun exposure, fair skin, XRT exposure, previous skin CA
What are the two MC soft tissue sarcomas?
#1 - malignant fibrous histiosarcoma #2 - liposarcoma
What are the criteria for excisional vs incisional biopsy?
Excisional biospy if mass 4cm (may need to eventually resect biopsy skin site if biopsy shows sarcoma)
What kind of metastasis is more common in sarcomas?
Hematogenous to Lung
What are the margins needed for sarcoma resection?
3cm margins and at least 1 uninvolved fascial plane
Which sarcomas may benefit from preop XRT and chemotherapy?
Tumors > 10cm
What is the MC sarcoma in children?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
What is the MC location for a desmoid tumor?
Anterior abd wall
When a desmoid tumor can occur?
During or after pregnancy; can also occur after trauma or surgery
In hidradenitis, there is an infection of?
Apocrine sweat glands
