A1 Understand health issues page 28 Flashcards
What is genetic screening, and what are some examples of its use?
Genetic screening checks a person’s health status for genetic risk factors. It can be used to identify risks for conditions like diabetes, COPD, or cancer.
How is genetic screening used during pregnancy?
During pregnancy, genetic screening can involve testing amniotic fluid or placental tissue for genetic abnormalities like Down syndrome.
Why might someone with a strong family history of cancer be offered genetic screening?
People with a strong family history of diseases like cancer may be offered genetic screening to identify risk factors and monitor for disease development.
What is the BRCA gene, and how does it relate to cancer risk?
The BRCA genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer, as well as male breast cancer and prostate cancer.
What is the goal of genomic research?
The goal of genomic research is to map the entire human genetic code and identify genes that increase the risk of diseases like cancer.
What are some examples of genetic diseases, and how do they vary in severity?
Examples of genetic diseases include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anaemia, Down syndrome, and Huntington’s disease. Some are present at birth, while others develop later in life.
What is CRISPR, and how might it be used in the future?
CRISPR is a gene-editing technology that may one day allow for the correction of faulty genes responsible for genetic diseases.
Why is it currently not possible to reverse genetic changes responsible for diseases?
It is currently not possible to reverse genetic changes because, while we can diagnose genetic conditions, the focus remains on treating the symptoms rather than altering the genes.
