A1 Understand health issues page 10

Question 1

What are infectious diseases also called, and how do they spread?

Answer 1

Infectious diseases are also called communicable diseases, and they spread from person to person, animals to people, or vice versa.

Question 2

What conditions do microorganisms need to grow and replicate?

Answer 2

Microorganisms need a source of energy, nutrients, suitable temperature, a host organism, and suitable oxygen concentrations to grow.

Question 3

What is a fomite?

Answer 3

A fomite is an object or substance that carries infecting agents and transfers them from one person to another.

Question 4

How is athlete’s foot transmitted?

Answer 4

Athlete’s foot is transmitted through direct or social contact, including sharing items like towels, bedding, or money.

Question 5

How are diseases like measles and influenza transmitted?

Answer 5

Diseases like measles and influenza are transmitted through airborne droplets released by breathing, coughing, or sneezing.

Question 6

What are some diseases transmitted through contaminated food and water?

Answer 6

Diseases like typhoid, salmonella, campylobacter, and cholera are transmitted through contaminated food and water.

Question 7

How is HIV transmitted?

Answer 7

HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids, such as blood-to-blood contact or via sexual intercourse.

Question 8

What diseases are transmitted by insect and tick bites?

Answer 8

Diseases like malaria, dengue fever, lyme disease, and sleeping sickness are transmitted through insect and tick bites.