.a 24 hours till exam

Question 1

tenses cervical fascia w/ intermediate tendon and maintains patency of IJV

Answer 1

omohyoid m.

Question 2

movements of the mandible

Answer 2

• elevation: temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid
• depression: lateral pterygoid, suprahyoid/infrahyoid muscles
• protrusion: lateral and medial pterygoids, masseter
• retrustion: temporalis and masseter
• lateral:
  
  • ipsilateral: temporalis and masseter
  • contralateral: pterygoids

Question 3

angle of TMJ during gape

Answer 3

15 degrees

Question 4

innervation of TMJ

Answer 4

auriculotemporal n.

Question 5

where to inject for:

• infraorbital nerve block
• inferior alveolar nerve block

Answer 5

1. infraorbital foramen
   
   • elevate uper lip, needle through mucosa and gingiva
   • if done improperly, cause paralysis of EOM
2. mandibular foramen
   
   • ​​needle around mandibular foramen
   • if done improperly, block parotid gland or medial pterygoid m.

Question 6

arteries in Kiesselbach’s area

Answer 6

• sphenopalatine a.
• anterior and posterior ethmoidal aa.
• greater palatine a.
• superior labial a.
• lateral nasal branches

Question 7

venous drainage of the nasal cavity

Answer 7

sphenopalatine, facial, and ophthalmic veins

Question 8

borders of pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 8

• anterior: maxillary tuberosity
• posterior: pterygoid process of the sphenoid (lateral p)
• superior: greater wing of sphenoid
• inferior: pyramidal process of palatine bone
• medial: perpendicular plate of palatine bone
• lateral: opens intro infratemporal fossa > pterygomaxillary fissure