2d. Foramina of Cranial Base (all) Flashcards
Incisive fossa
- Nasopalatine n.
- Sphenopalatine vessels
Greater palatine foramen
Greater palatine nerve & vessels
Lesser palatine foramen
Lesser palatine nerve and vessels
Foramen lacerum
Greater petrosal nerve
Foramen ovale
- Lesser petrosal nerve
- Mandibular nerve (V3)
- Accessory meningeal artery
Foramen spinosum
- Middle meningeal vessels
- Meningeal branch of mandibular nerve (V3)
Carotid canal
- Internal carotid artery
- Carotid autonomic plexus
Petrotympanic fissure
chorda tympani of facial (intermediate) nerve (VIII)
Tympanic canaliculus
tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
Mastoid canaliculus
Auricular branch of vagus nerve (X)
Stylomastoid foramen
Facial nerve (VII)
Jugular fossa
- Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
- Vagus nerve (X)
- Accessory nerve (XI)
- Superior bulb
- Internal jugular vein
Mastoid foramen
- Mastoid emissary vein
- Posterior meningeal artery
Hypoglossal canal
Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Foramen magnum
- Medulla oblongata
- Vertebral arteries and venous plexus
- Spinal roots of accessory nerves (XI)
Foramen cecum
Emissary vein to superior sagittal sinus
Nasal slit and anterior ethmoidal foramen
Anterior ethmoidal artery, vein, and nerve
Foramina of cribriform plate
Olfactory nerves
Posterior ethmoidal foramen
Posterior ethmoidal artery, vein, and nerve
Optic canal
- Optic nerve (II)
- Ophthalmic artery
Superior orbital fissure
- Oculomotor nerve (III)
- Trochlear nerve (IV)
- Lacrimal, frontal, and nasociliary branches of opthalmic nerve (V1)
- Abducent nerve (VI)
- Superior ophthlamic vein
Foramen rotundum
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Foramen ovale
- Mandibular nerve (V3)
- Accessor meingeal artery
- Lesser petrosal nerve
Foramen spinosum
- Middle meningeal artery and vein
- Meningeal branch of mandibular nerve
Sphenoidal emissary foramen (of Vesalius) (inconstant)
Foramen lacerum
greater petrosal nerve
Carotid canal
- Internal carotid artery
- Internal carotid nerve plexus
Hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve
Lesser petrosal nerve
Hiatus for greater petrosal nerve
Greater petrosal nerve
Internal acoustic meatus
- Facial nerve (VII)
- Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
- Labyrinthine artery
Opening of vestibular aqueduct
Endolymphatic duct
Mastoid foramen (inconstant)
emissary vein (and occasional branch of occipital artery)
Jugular foramen
- inferior petrosal sinus
- glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
- vagus nerve (X)
- accessory nerve (XI)
- sigmoid sinus
- posterior meningeal artery
Condylar canal (inconstant)
emissary vein and meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery
Hypoglossal canal
hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Foramen magnum
- medulla oblongata
- meninges
- vertebral arteries
- meningeal branches of vertebral arteries
- spinal roots of accessory nerves
Cribriform plate
olfactory n. (CN I)
Optic canal
optic n. (CN II)
Superior orbital fissure
- oculomotor n. (CN III)
- ophthalmic division of trigeminal n. (CN V - V1)
- abducens n. (CN VI)
Foramen rotundum
maxillary division of trigeminal n. (CN V - V2)
Foramen ovale
mandibular division of trigeminal n. (CN V - V3)
Internal acoustic meatus
- facial n. (CN VII)
- vestibulocochlear n. (CN VIII)
Jugular foramen
- glossopharyngeal n. (CN IX)
- vagus n. (CN X)
- accessory n. (CN XI)
Hypoglossal canal
hypoglossal n. (CN XII)