5. Dural Venous Sinus Flashcards
three dense regular connective tissue layers that separate the soft tissue of the brain from the bones of the cranium
cranial meninges
functions of the cranial meninges
- encloses and protect blood vessels that supply the brain
- contain and circulate CSF
- some parts form veins that drain blood from brain
3 cranial meninges
- dura mater
- periosteal dura
- meningeal dura
- arachnoid mater
- pia mater
- tough membrane composed of 2 fiborus layers
- strongest of the meninges
- composed of 2 layers: (1) periosteal layer and (2) meningeal layer
dura mater
areas where the meningeal and the periosteal layers separate to form large, blood-filled spaces
dural venous sinuses
Identify the blue boxes.
- dura mater (meningeal and periosteal layers)
- falx cerebri
- emissary vein
- immediate internal to the dura mater
- composed of delicate web of collage and elastic fibers
arachnoid mater
arachnoid trabeculae
web of collagen and elastic fibers in arachnoid mater
between arachnoid and overlying dura mater
subdural space
immediately deep to the arachnoid
subarachnoid space
- innermost of the cranial meninges
- thin layer of delicate CT tightly adheres to brain & follows every contour of brain surface
pia mater
4 cranial dural septa
- falx cerebri
- tentorium cerebelli
- falx cereblli
- diaphragma sellae
extensions of the meningeal layer of the dura mater deep into the cranial cavity
cranial dural septa
functions of the cranial dural septa
separate specific parts of the brain and provide stabilization and support
sinuses found within the cranial dural septa
- superior sagittal sinus
- inferior sagittal sinus
- sigmoid sinus
- transverse sinus
Identify the following septa.
- (red) falx cerebri
- (under red) diaphragma sellae
- (right) tentorium cerebelli
piece of dura mater superior to the hypophyseal fossa of the sphenoid bone and pituitary gland
diaphragm sellae
What artery supplies the meninges?
middle meningeal artery (branches)
[ECA > maxillary a. > middle meningeal a. > passes through foramen spinosum]
branches of the middle meningeal artery
- frontal branch
- parietal branch
- mastoid branch
innervation of the meninges
- anterior meningeal branches of ethmoidal nerve (CN V1)
- meningeal branch of maxillary nerve (CN V2)
- meningeal branches of mandibular nerve (CN V3)
- tentorial nerve [recurrent meningeal branch of ophthalmic nerve] (CN V1)
Identify:
(1) area in purple
(2) area in blue
(3) area in pink
(4) area in orange
(5) gray boxes
- innervated by ophthalmic nerve (V1)
- innervated by maxillary nerve (V2)
- innervated by mandibular nerve (V3)
- innervated by cervical spinal nerves (C2-C3)
- anterior menineal branches of ethmoidal nerve, meningeal branch of maxillary nerve, meningeal branches of mandibular nerve, tentorial nerve (recurrent meningeal branch of ophthalmic nerve)
Label the figure.
- superior sagittal sinus
- inferior sagittal sinus
- straight sinus
- confluence of sinuses
- transverse sinus
- sigmoid sinus
- cavernous sinus
- intercavernous sinus
- posterior intercavernous sinus
- sphenoparietal sinus
- superior petrosal sinus
- inferior petrosal sinus
Label.
epidural hematoma
middle meningeal artery
subdural hematoma
bridging vein
subarachnoid hemorrhage
cerebral arteries
contents of the cavernous sinus
- nerves that go through superior orbital fissure
- nerves that go through the foramen rotundu
- internal carotid artery
[mnemonic: OTOM (lateral) CAT]
parts of the internal carotid artery
- cerebral
- cavernous*
- petrous
- cervical
cavernous sinus thrombosis
- clear, colorless liquid that circulates in the ventricles and subarachnoid space
- bathes exposed surface of CNS and surrounds it
- functions: buoyancy, protection, stability
cerebrospinal fluid
How is CSF formed?
formed by choroid plexus in each ventricle; produced by secretion of fluid from ependymal cells (originate from blood plasma)
content of CSF
similar to blood plasma but with greater amounts of Na, H, and Ca and less K
drainage of CSF and blood to DV sinuses
subarachnoid hemorrhage
