9b. memory 1

Question 1

what are 2 types of long term memory

Answer 1

1. declarative (explicit)

2. procedural (implicit)

Question 2

what kind of surgery did HM have?

Answer 2

-amygdala hippocampectomy

Question 3

clinical features of HM

Answer 3

• unable to learn new info after surgery
• able to remember memories before surgery
• short term memory
• learn new procedural skills
• no change in intelligence, language, perceptual abilities,
• no change in personality

Question 4

-lessons from HM

Answer 4

• STM and LTM supported by distinct neural systems
• memories not stored in hippocampus (distributed throughout cortex)
• hippocampus key for new memories

Question 5

what do hippocampus lesion patients show

Answer 5

severe impairments in anterograde memory

Question 6

what is the Papez circuti

Answer 6

-formation of new long term memories

Cingulate gyrus -> Hippocampus -> mammillary bodies -> anterior nucleus -> cingulate gyrus

Question 7

what are 3 conditions that leads to hippocampal damage and memory loss

Answer 7

1. Anoxia
2. Degenerative disease (AD)
3. Stroke

Question 8

what is Anoxia

Answer 8

Anoxia (CA1 cells lack of O2)

-loss of anterograde memory

Question 9

features of transient global amnesia

Answer 9

• acute onset of anterograde amnesia
• no retrograde memory loss
• lasts 2-12 hours
• stressful situations
• cause is unknown
• no residual deficit

Question 10

other pathologies that lead to hippocampal damage

Answer 10

• acute herpes simplex encephalitis

- chronic herpes simplex encephalitis

Question 11

what is anterograde memory loss caused by?

Answer 11

(not hippocampal damage)

-damage to regions connected to hippocampus

Question 12

What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Answer 12

-acute onset of amnesia + confabulation, ataxia, opthalmoplegia (paralyzed eye movements)
-alcohols with poor nutrition
-

Question 13

what are some memory neuropsych tests?

Answer 13

• digit span
• iowa famous faces
• rotor pursuit