14a. aphasia

Question 1

what is language

Answer 1

set of symbols that we use as means of communication

Question 2

what is speech

Answer 2

mechanical process of language (articulation + phonation)

Question 3

what is aphasia?

Answer 3

-disturbance of language with a breakdown in grammar

Question 4

what is anomia

Answer 4

difficulty in finding words

Question 5

what is paraphasia?

Answer 5

-produce the wrong sounds

Question 6

what is dysarthria?

Answer 6

poor articulation

Question 7

what is hypophonia

Answer 7

soft output

Question 8

2 disorders of speech

Answer 8

1. dysarthria

2. hypophnia

Question 9

what is speech supported by?

Answer 9

entire motor system for vocalization

Question 10

how is language supporteD?

Answer 10

-left hemisphere

Question 11

summary of broca’s aphasia

Answer 11

• slurred articulation
• halting speed
• good comprehension
• poor repetition

Question 12

what does damage to the inferior parietal lobe lead to? (angular + supramarginal)

Answer 12

angular: alexia + agraphia
supramarginal: conduction aphasia

Question 13

what is alexia/dyslexia?

what are the 2 types

Answer 13

inability to read written language

acquired, developmental

Question 14

what is agraphia?

Answer 14

inability to write language

Question 15

summary of wernicke’s

Answer 15

• normal articulation
• rapid speed
• poor comprehension
• no awareness
• poor awareness

Question 16

what is neologic paraphasia?

Answer 16

-creating new words

Question 17

what is semantic paraphasia?

Answer 17

word substitution

Question 18

what is phonemic paraphasia?

Answer 18

sound substitution

Question 19

what is conduction aphasia?

Answer 19

• lesions that include the arcuate fasciculus (connects Broca’s + Wernickes)
• good comprehension of speech, fluent
• poor repetition

Question 20

what is global aphasia?

Answer 20

• non fluent speech
• impaired comprehension
• impaired repetition

Question 21

what is the result of a unilateral lesion in the left hemisphere? (auditory cortices)

Answer 21

pure word deafness

Question 22

what is pure word deafness

Answer 22

• does not recognize speech sounds
• can recognize non speech sounds
• produce normal speech

Question 23

what is the result of a unilateral lesion in the non dominant hemisphere (auditory cortices)

Answer 23

amusia

Question 24

what is amusia

Answer 24

inability to produce + recognize musical sounds

Question 25

what is tested on a neuro exam for language?

Answer 25

• fluency
• naming
• repetition
• comprehension
• reading
• writing
• praxis

Question 26

is epileptic aphasia reversible?

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

what is semantic dementia

Answer 27

fronto-temporal dementia with aphasia

Question 28

impaired language abilities after right hemisphere lesions

Answer 28

• inability to produce + appreciate stress reflections + melody of speech
• difficulty appreciating a story
• difficulty organizing a narrative