9.1 Flashcards
prokaryotic
without a nucleus
eukaryotic
with a nucleus
differences between animal, plant, and bacteria
animal and plant cells are eukaryotic, and have more organelles than bacteria, plant cells have cell wall and chloroplast and vacuole
what structures do all cells have
ribosomes, cytoplasm, membrane, DNA
what are benefits of prokaryotic cells
easier to reproduce, faster
what are benefits of eukaryotic cells
can do more things
how do different cells get rid of waste?
animal cells have lysosomes that get rid of larger waste, while the smaller waste leaves through the membrane
plant cells break down waste in the vacuole and small waste goes through membrane
bacteria cells have enzymes that digest larger molecules and smaller waste exits through membrane
how do different cells serve as a container
all have cell membrane, plants have cell wall, plants and animal have membranes around organelles, and all have proteins embedded in the membrane that allows molecules to enter and exit the cell
how do different cells contain a set of instructions
DNA holds instructions in the nucleus, except for bacteria whose DNA is free floating
how do different cells read the instructions
mRNA is made from DNA blah blah blah transcription blah blah blah translation, plant cells have protein compartments, and bacteria cells don’t have golgi apparatus and vesicles
how do different cells get and use energy
All make ATP, plant and animal cells create it in mitochondria, plant cells can make energy from sunlight in the chloroplast, bacteria cells can make ATP from sunlight and don’t have mitochondria or chloroplast, so it happens in cytoplasm
how are proteins made and distributed
ribosomes in the rough ER create it and send it to the golgi which tags it to tell vesicles where to take it
why do some cells have more of one type of organelles than others
some need more of a specific molecule than others
