3.3

Question 1

trophic levels

Answer 1

the levels of a food web

Question 2

autotroph

Answer 2

an organism that produces its own food

Question 3

heterotroph

Answer 3

an organism that relies on other species for food

Question 4

herbivore

Answer 4

an organism that only eats vegetation

Question 5

omnivore

Answer 5

an organism that eats both meat and vegetation

Question 6

carnivore

Answer 6

an organism that only eats meat

Question 7

detritivore

Answer 7

an organism that eats decayed organic matter

Question 8

keystone species

Answer 8

a species that has an influential ecological role and exerts important regulating effects on other species.

Question 9

trophic cascade

Answer 9

a diagram that illustrates the effects species have on other species; includes direct and indirect effects

Question 10

trophic cascade vs food webs

Answer 10

trophic cascade diagrams show how species affect other species while food webs show which species eat what

Question 11

an ecosystem includes kelp, sea urchins, and sea otters. the sea otters eat the sea urchins who eat the kelp. what trophic level are the sea otters?

Answer 11

secondary consumers

Question 12

an ecosystem includes kelp, sea urchins, and sea otters. the sea otters eat the sea urchins who eat the kelp. what would happen to the other species if sea otters were removed from the ecosystem? what type of effect would it be?

Answer 12

the sea urchin population would increase dramatically, which would lead to the kelp population decreasing dramatically.

negative indirect effect