7.2 Flashcards
enzyme
catalyzes chemical reactions
substrate
the thing that binds with the enzyme and is changed
active site
the place in the enzyme where the reaction happens
activation energy
the energy used to start a chemical reaction
what are the properties of enzymes
-reaction specific (only performs one type of reaction with one type of substrate)
-not consumed in reaction (not destroyed during reaction and can perform many reactions)
-made of protein
-affected by cellular conditions (can be denatured)
whats the relationship between reaction rate and enzyme concentration
the more enzymes there are, the more collisions there are, and the more reactions there are. when the concentration gets so high that there are more enzymes than substrates, the reaction rate plateaus.
whats the relationship between reaction rate and substrate concentration
the more substrates there are, the more collisions there are, and the more reactions there are. when the concentration gets so high that there are more substrates than enzymes, the reaction rate plateaus.
whats the relationship between reaction rate and temperature
the higher the temperature, the more energy there is, and the more collisions and reactions there are. when the temperature gets too high, the enzymes are denatured and they can no longer perform their function.
whats the relationship between reaction rate and pH
the closer the pH to the optimal pH, the better the enzymes work, and the more reactions there are. when the pH gets too far from the optimal pH, the enzymes are denatured and can no longer perform their function.
how would you maximize enzyme activity
provide the optimal conditions so the enzyme will work fastest and best
-optimal pH
-optimal temperature
how would you minimize enzyme activity
do not provide any of the optimal conditions for the enzyme to work the best
-far away from optimal temp
far away from optimal pH
