7.6.2013(FM) 30 Flashcards
Phantom pregnancy
Pseudocyesis
Child fictitiously claimed by a women
Supposititious child
Superfoetation
Fertilisation of a second ovum in a women already pregnant
Superfecundation
Fertilisation of two ova discharged from ovary at the same period by two separate acts of coitus committed at short intervals
Test which compares lung weight with body weight before and after respiration
Ploucquet test
Test that compares the weight of lung alone before and after respiration
Fodere test
Static test
Test based on the principle that the lung specific gravity decreases following breathing
Hydrostatic test
Other name for hydrostatic test
Raygat’s test
Test which analyses change in middle ear content after birth
Wredin test
Floating of stomach and bowel if respiration has occurred is the principle of
Breslau second life test or stomach bowel test
Child may breathe when it is in womb after rupture of membrane
Vagitus uterinus
Vagitus vaginalis- baby breathes in vagina
Black gunpowder
KNO3- 75%
Charcoal-15%
Sulphur -10%
Semi smoke less powder
Mixture of 80% black and 20% smokeless powder
Bullet rotates end on end
Tumbling bullet
Bullet whose nose is cutoff
Dumdum bullet
It mushrooms out on striking the target producing an entrance wound larger than size of bullet
Bullet passes through skull and brain,causing herniation of brain material
Karonlein shot
Gastric lavage is CI in
Kerosene poisoning
Pure petroleum distillate
Turpentine ingestion
Corrosives
Only corrosive poisoning in which lavage is not CI
Carbolic acid
Gastric lavage is effective if done within
3hrs of ingestion of poison
Stomach wash in datura poisoning
Tannic acid
Stomach wash with KMnO4
Aluminium phosphide
Morphine
OPC
CI for emetics
Severe heart and lung disease
Advanced pregnancy
After ingestion of CNS stimulant
Locards method
Poroscopy
PM staining in CO
Cherry red
PM staining in HCN hydrocyanic acid
Bright red
Chocolate or copper brown PM staining in
Nitrites Potassium chlorate Potassium bicarbonate Nitrobenzene Acetanilide Bromides Aniline
PM staining in phosphorus
Dark brown or yellow
PM staining in asphyxia
Bluish violet or purple
PM staining in methhemoglobinemia
Brown
PM staining in clostridium perfringens
Bronze
PM staining in hypothermia
Bright pink
PM staining in infection with DIC
Blotchy purplish,red or pink rashes
PM staining in mummification
Brown to black due to drying
Heat ruptures site
Extensor surfaces and joints
Seen in front of thigh
Heat ruptures are
Small and multiple
Benzidine test detects
Both hemoglobin and myoglobin
PM staining
Synonyms
Subcutaneous hypostasis Livor mortis Cadaveric lividity Suggilations Vibices vibices Darkening of death
Best preliminary test for detection of blood
Benzidine test
Specific test for blood
Kastle Meyer test(phenolphthalein test)
Green color urine
Carbolic acid
PM appearance of CO poisoning
Thin and red coloured blood
Congestion of all organs
Most characteristic feature of CO poisoning
B/L necrosis of basal ganglia
CO poisoning changes in Heart
Necrobiosis of heart muscles
Tests for CO poisoning
Kunkel test/tannic acid test
Hoppe seylers test
Spectroscopic examination
Water in test tube to which blood is added
Rapid death from respiratory arrest in CO poisoning occurs if CO concentartion is
Above 80%
Arsenic poisoning features
Rain drop pigmentation Palmar Hyperkeratosis Anemia(aplastic Anemia) Rash resembling measles rash Aldrich mees lines
Rati seeds
Abrus precatorius
Abrin is similar to
Viper snake venom
Rati seeds are non poisonous if
Swallowed
Sui needles
Sin needles
Rati seed
Conditions simulating rigor mortis
Cold stiffening
Heat stiffening
Cadaveric spasm/instantaneous rigor
Putrefaction
Synonym for cadaveric spasm
Cataleptic rigidity
Instantaneous rigor
Order of appearance and disappearance of rigor
- Heart(left chamber in 1 hour)
- Eyelids
- Face muscles
- Neck and trunk
- Upper extremities
- Legs
- Small muscles of fingers and toes(last to be affected)
Onset of rigor in tropical countries
1-2 hrs after death
Duration of rigor in tropical countries
Summer: 18-36hrs
Winter: 24-48 hrs
Arsenic is found in greatest amount in
- Liver
2. kidney
Types of laceration
Split Stretch Avulsion Tears Cut
Split laceration sites
Scalp Eyebrows Cheek bones Lower jaw Iliac crest PERINEUM Shin
PM staining persists until
Putrefaction sets in
PM staining occurs in
Superficial layers of dermis
Cadaveric spasm disappears when
Rigor appears
Muscles respond to electrical stimuli in
Cadaveric spasm or rigor mortis
Cadaveric spasm
Legal procedure in India is carried out under
IPC
CrPC
Indian evidence act
Consumer protection act
Polyvalent antivenin contains
1ml of antivenin will neutralise Cobra(0.6mg) Common krait(0.45mg) Russell viper(0.6mg) Saw scaled viper(0.45mg)
Scientific name of Cobra
Naja naja
Scientific name of common krait
Bungarus caeruleus
Scientific name of Russell viper
Daboia Russell
Scientific name of saw scaled viper
Echis carinate
Stomach wash in arsenic poisoning
Warm water and milk
Plant of argemone Mexicans contains
Protopine
Berberine
Dihydrosanguinarine
Toxins in argemone mexicana
Dehydrocorydalmine
Jatrorrhizine
Columbamine
Oxyberberine
Emetine inhibits
Intraribosomal translocation of t-RNA-Aminoacid complex in ameba
Protein synthesis inhibitors produced by streptomyces griseus
Cycloheximide
Streptomycin
Mechanism of Abrin poisoning
Inhibits 26S subunit of ribosome
Mechanism of toxicity of ricin
Inhibition of RNA polymerase
Exchange transfusion can remove
All toxic substances but feasible only in children
Exchange transfusion is used to remove
Salicylates
Barbiturates
Iron salts
CO
Appearance of fresh abrasion
Bright red
Reddish brown scab after abrasion is seen after
2-3 days
Scab falls off on
7th day
Margins of PM hypostasis
Clearly defined
Appearance of bruise at point of pressure
Lighter
Color changes in bruise,red
At first
Color changes in bruise,blue
Few hours to 3 days
Color changes in bruise,bluish black to brown
Hemosiderin
4th day
Color changes in bruise,greenish
Hematoidin
5-6 days
Color changes in bruise,yellow
Bilirubin
7-12 days
Color changes in bruise,becomes normal in
2 weeks
Molecular death
Cellular death
All cells of body die
Indicated by rigor mortis
Stages of death
- Somatic/systemic/clinical
2. cellular or molecular
Molecular death is complete within
3-4hrs of somatic death
Viability of organs of transplantation
Liver- 15min
Kidney-45 min
Heart-1 hour
Features of CO poisoning
Blisters
Parkinsonism
Congestion of organs
Infections transmitted by louse
Pediculosis
Epidemic typhus
Relapsing fever
Trench fever
Chemical tests for detection of blood
Based on H2O2 and peroxidase Leucomalachite green test Orthotoludine test Guaiacum test Benzidine test Kastle Meyer test
Micro chemical tests for detection of blood
Teichmann haemin crystal test
Takayama
Most reliable test for detecting blood in both recent and old stain
Spectroscopic test
Micro chemical test for detection of blood alcohol
Cavett test
Most common position of hymen tear in a virgin
Commonly posteriorly at 4 O clock to 8 O clock position
6 O clock - a deep tear
Shape of hymen
Semilunar or crescentric shape
A person is major after
Completion of 18yrs
21 yrs if he is under guardianship of courts
Marriage is barred below
Boys<18
Antidotes for CN poisoning
Sodium nitrite followed by sodium thiosulphate
Vit B12
Dicobalt-EDTA
4-DMAP(dimethyl amino phenol)
