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PGI > 28.6.2013(pathology) 51 > Flashcards

28.6.2013(pathology) 51 Flashcards

0
Q

Endocrine cause of vit B12 deficiency

A

Hyperthyroidism

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1
Q

Starry sky appearance

A

Burkitt lymphoma

PSGN

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2
Q

Megaloblastic Anemia in hemodialysis..cause?

A

Loss of folate

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3
Q

Lymphoma that expresses BCL 1

A

Mantle cell lymphoma

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4
Q

Rx of follicular lymphoma

A

Most responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy

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5
Q

Cystic medial necrosis is seen in

A 
Marfan syndrome
Ehlers danlos syndrome IV 
Hypertension
Bicuspid aortic valve
Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm
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6
Q

Dx of lymphoma of stomach

A

Biopsy

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7
Q

Common symptoms of gastric lymphoma

A

Pain
Weight loss
Bleeding

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8
Q

Half life of factor VII

A

4-6hours

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9
Q

Clotting factor with longest half life

A

Factor XIII(11-14 days)

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10
Q

Factor deficiencies that may present without PT or aPTT prolongation

A

V
X
XIII

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11
Q

Lobulated capillary hemangioma

A

Pyogenic granuloma

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12
Q

Risk of bleeding in pyogenic granuloma

A

Bleeds easily

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13
Q

Drugs causing pyogenic granuloma

A

OCP
indinavir
Retinoids

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14
Q

Infectious causes of pyogenic granuloma

A

Bartonella

Staphylococcus

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15
Q

Causes of pyogenic granuloma

A 
Trauma
Pregnancy
AV malformation
Infections
Drugs
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16
Q

Normal platelet count

A

1.5-3 lac/uL

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17
Q

Normal value of RDW

A

11.5-14.5

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18
Q

Hooping pattern is seen in

A

Primary CNS lymphoma

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19
Q

Hooping pattern is demonstrated by

A

Reticulin staining

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20
Q

Most common location of primary CNS lymphoma

A

1.frontal lobe
Deep nuclei
Periventricular zone

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21
Q

Conditions predisposing to primary CNS lymphoma

A 
HIV
EBV
Immunosuppression 
Collagen vascular diseases
  SLE
  RA
  Sjogren
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22
Q

HSP is common in

A

Males in winter

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23
Q

Types of bronchoalveolar carcinoma

A

Mucinous
Nonmucinous
Clara cells
Type 2 pneumocytes

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24
Q

Most common primary in skeletal metastasis

A
  1. breast

2. prostate

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25
Q

Common causes of hereditary spherocytosis

A
  1. ankyrin
  2. Band 3
  3. spectrin
  4. palladin/ band 4.2
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26
Q

Splenctomy in hereditary spherocytosis is delayed until atleast

A

4 yrs of age

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27
Q

Screening test for kala azar

A

Aldehyde test of Napier detects reversed albumin globulin ratio

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28
Q

Other name for leishman test

A

Montenegro test

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29
Q

Serological test for kala azar

A

Direct agglutination test
Indirect IF test
rk-39 dipstick test
ELISA

30
Q

Types of cystic pancreatic neoplasms

A

Serous cystadenoma(never malignant)
Mucinous cystadenoma
Intra ductal papillary Mucinous neoplasm
Solid pseudo papillary neoplasm

31
Q

Cystic pancreatic neoplasm common in males

A

IPMN

32
Q

Difference between IPMN and Mucinous cystadenoma

A

IPMN
Common in head
Involves larger ducts
Lacks thick stroma

33
Q

Most common mutation in pancreatic carcinoma

A
  1. p16/CDKN2A

2. K RAS

34
Q

Inherited condition with highest risk of pancreatic cancer

A

Peutz jegher syndrome

35
Q

Tumors showing perineural invasion

A

Pancreatic carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

36
Q

Tumors showing desmoplastic response

A

IDC of breast
Pancreatic Ca
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor

37
Q

Pancreatic ca is common in

A

Head

38
Q

Giant intracranial aneurysm,size

A

More than 2.5cm

39
Q

Common site of giant intracranial aneurysm

A

ICA

40
Q

Types of glomus tumor

A

Solid glomus tumor(most common type)
Glomangioma(common in familial type)
Glomangiomyoma

41
Q

Chr in glomangioma

A

Chr 1p

Glomulin gene

42
Q

Common sites of glomangioma

A

Hand and forearm

43
Q

Least common type of cardiomyopathy

A

Restrictive

44
Q

Thickening of which valve is seen in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Anterior mitral leaflets

45
Q

Drug causing dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Cocaine

46
Q

Common sites of brain affected by metastasis

A

Grey white matter junction

MCA,PCA junction

47
Q

Most common Primary that metastasises to brain

A

Lung ca

48
Q

Breast metastasis to brain commonly affects

A

Cerebellum and posterior pitutary

49
Q

Least mature erythrocyte precursor

A

Pronormoblast/ proerythroblast

50
Q

Abundant mitochondria are found in which erythrocyte precursor

A

Polychromatophilic erythroblast

51
Q

First appearance of Hb in which erythrocyte precursor

A

Polychromatophilic erythroblast

52
Q

Maximum number of ribosomes are seen in which stage of erythrocyte maturation

A

Basophilic erythroblast

53
Q

Chromatin condensation begins in which stage of erythropoiesis

A

Basophilic erythroblast

54
Q

Diff btw Pronormoblast and basophilic erythroblast

A

Nucleoli is absent in basophilic erythroblast

55
Q

Smallest nucleated erythrocyte precursor

A

Orthochromatic erythroblast

56
Q

Supravital staining

A

New methylene blue

Brilliant cresyl blue

57
Q

Diff in metabolism of reticulocytes and RBCs

A

Intact TCA cycle is present in reticulocytes

58
Q

Drugs causing thrombocytopenia

A 
Selective impairment of platelet production
  Thiazides
  Alcohol
Autoimmune causes 
  Heparin
  Quinidine
  Sulfa compounds
59
Q

Infections causing thrombocytopenia

A

HIV
measles
CMV
IM

60
Q

Negative acute phase reactants

A 
Albumin
Prealbumin
Retinol binding protein
transferrin
Transcortin
Transthyretin
61
Q

Causes of decreased surfactant

A

Pulmonary artery occlusion
100% O2 inhalation
Cigarette smoking

62
Q

Neruoendocrine tumors of lung

A 
Small cell Ca
Large cell Ca
Carcinoid
  Typical
  Atypical
Benign tumorlets
63
Q

Diff btw typical and atypical carcinoid

A

p53 mutation
BCL2/BAX imbalance
Seen in atypical carcinoid

64
Q

Markers of Neruoendocrine tumors

A 
Chromogranin 
Synaptophysin
CD56
TTF1
CK cocktail
65
Q

Normal bilirubin in blood

A

Unconjugated bilirubin

66
Q

Rate limiting step in bilirubin metabolism

A

Excretion into bile

67
Q

Total Hb content in body

A

900gm in 70kg man

68
Q

Trace element deficiency causing impaired wound healing

A 
Zinc
Copper
Calcium
Manganese 
Iron
69
Q

Vitamin deficiency causing impaired wound healing

A

Vit A and C

70
Q

Neoplasms causing DIC

A

Pancreas
Stomach
Lung
Prostate

71
Q

Infectious causes of DIC

A 
Gram negative sepsis
Meningococcimia
Aspergillosis
Histoplasmosis
RMSF
Malaria
72
Q

Most common manifestation of heparin overdose

A

Hematuria

PGI (16 decks)

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