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PGI > 4.6.2013(anesthesia) 27 > Flashcards

4.6.2013(anesthesia) 27 Flashcards

0
Q

Biggest anesthesia cylinder

A

H

smallest : AA

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1
Q

Most commonly used cylinder in anesthesia machines

A

E

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2
Q

Color of oxygen cylinder

A

Black body with white shoulder

2,5

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3
Q

Color of N2O cylinder

A

Blue

3,5

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4
Q

Color of CO2 cylinder and pin index

A

Grey

Pin index: 2,6 if CO27.5%

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5
Q

Color of air cylinder and pin index

A

Gray body with black and white shoulder

1,5

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6
Q

Color of cyclopropane cylinder and pin index

A

Orange

3,6

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7
Q

Color of Entonox cylinder and pin index

A

Blue body with blue and white shoulders

7

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8
Q

Color of helium cylinder and pin index

A

Brown

He80.5% 4,6

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9
Q

Pressure of oxygen cylinder

A

2000psi

Same as air

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10
Q

Pressure of N2O cylinder

A

760psi

Same with CO2

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11
Q

Liquid oxygen is stored at temperature of

A

-119 degrees

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12
Q

Longest acting LA

A

Dibucaine

most potent and most toxic

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13
Q

Color of halothane vaporiser

A

Red

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14
Q

Color of vaporiser for Isoflurane

A

Purple

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15
Q

Color of vaporiser for sevoflurane

A

Yellow

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16
Q

Most volatile anesthetic agent? I.e very high SVP

A

Desflurane

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17
Q

Color of desflurane vaporiser

A

Blue

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18
Q

Dibucaine number

A

Normal:80
Heterozygous:60
Homozygous:20

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19
Q

Differentiation of genetic and non genetic causes of scoline apnea

A

Plasma cholinesterase

Dibucaine number

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20
Q

Shortest acting LA

A

Chlorprocaine

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21
Q

Longest acting LA

A
  1. dibucaine
  2. tetracaine
  3. bupivacaine

Delhi To Bombay

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22
Q

Potency of LA

A

Dibucaine>etidocaine=tetracaine=bupivacaine

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23
Q

Normal CO2 in capnography

A

32-42mmHg(3-4mm less than arterial PCO2)

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24
Q

High baseline of ETCO2

A

Exhausted absorbent
Incompetent expiratory valve
Insufficient fresh gas flows into mapleson system
Problems with inner tube of bains system

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25
Q

Curare notch is seen during

A 
Spontaneous ventilation
PNEUMOTHORAX
Cervical transverse lesion
Flail chest 
Hiccup

It is due to asynchrony btw diaphragm and intercostal muscles

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26
Q

LA systemic toxicity is increased by

A 
Hypoxia
Hypercarbia
Acidosis
Renal failure
Extreme age
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27
Q

Cardiodepressant effect of bupivacaine is aggravated by

A 
Acidosis
Hypoxia
Hypercarbia
Pregnancy
IHD
conduction blocks
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28
Q

Rx of systemic local anesthetic toxicity

A

20% lipid emulsion

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29
Q

Anti arrhythmic of choice in systemic LA toxicity

A

?Bretylium

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30
Q

Wrights respirometer

False high,false low values

A

False high-high flow rates

False low-low flow rates

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31
Q

Respirometers are used to monitor

A

Anemometer
Expiratory volume
It can be used to calculate flows also

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32
Q

First sign of LA toxicity

A

CNS

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33
Q

Drugs not to be used in bupivacaine cardiotoxicity

A

Lidocaine

Amiodarone

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34
Q

Systemic effect of inhaled NO

A

Least

No systemic vasodilation

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35
Q

Potency of xenon anesthesia

A

Low

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36
Q

Xenon weight compared to air

A

4.5 times Heavier than air

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37
Q

Management of chronic pain

A 
Intrathecal hyperbaric phenol
Anterolateral cordotomy
Epidural fentanyl
PCA(patient controlled analgesia)
Anticonvulsant drugs
Antidepressant drugs
TENS
sympathetic
Cryoanalgesia
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38
Q

Systemic effect of NO is reduced due to

A

Binding of NO by Hb

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39
Q

Heliox

A

21%O2

79%helium

40
Q

Entonox

A

50% N2O

50% oxygen

41
Q

Viscosity and density of heliox

A

Viscosity is similar to air but low density

42
Q

Use of heliox

A

COPD,asthma
SCUBA divers
To reduce WOB in mechanically ventilated pts

43
Q

Desflurane reacts with dry sodalime to produce

A

CO

44
Q

Anticonvulsants used in chronic pain

A 
GABApentin
Valproate
Pregabalin
Lamotrigine 
Topiramate
45
Q

Antidepressants used for Rx of chronic pain

A

Amitryptiline(spinal cord injury pain)

Duloxetine(diabetic painful neuropathy)

46
Q

Egg lecithin allergy contraindicated use of

A

Propofol

47
Q

Anesthetic agents CI in porphyria

A 
Barbiturates
Ketamine(Harrison)
Etomidate
Pentazocine
Ropivacaine
48
Q

Safest IV induction agent in porphyria

A

Propofol

49
Q

Antibacterial substance in propofol emulsion

A

Disodium edetate

50
Q

Antiemetic intravenous agent

A

Propofol

51
Q

Bain is type __________ of mapleson system

A

D

52
Q

Most efficient mapleson system for controlled ventilation

A

D

53
Q

Efficiency of Mapleson circuits in controlled ventilation

A

D>B>C>A

Dog Bites Can Ache

54
Q

Efficiency of mapleson systems in spontaneous ventilation

A

A>D>C>B

All Dogs Can Bite

55
Q

Flow rates in mapleson system

A

Spontaneous: 2-3times minute ventilation
Controlled: 1-2 times minute ventilation

56
Q

Flow rate in mapleson A

A

Flow rate = MV

57
Q

Other name for mapleson A

A

Magill

58
Q

Mapleson system of choice in postoperative recovery room

A

C(waters to and fro)

59
Q

Mapleson system used in infants and children

A

E(ayres T piece)

60
Q

Mapleson F

A

Jackson Rees modification

61
Q

LMA protects against

A 
Pharyngeal secretions(partial)
Not against gastric secretions
62
Q

Contraindications for LMA

A 
Pharyngeal pathology(abscess)
Pharyngeal obstruction
Full stomach(pregnancy,hiatal hernia)
Low pulmonary compliance
63
Q

Role of LMA

A

Alternative to ET tube not a substitute

64
Q

LMA size to be used in neonates

A

1

65
Q

LMA is available in

A

8 sizes

66
Q

LMA sizes used in adults

A

4,5,6

67
Q

LMA sizes used in children

A 
1(neonates)
1.5
2
2.5
3
68
Q

Pin is found on

A

Anesthetic machine

69
Q

Onset of effect of epidural

A

15-20min

70
Q

Pin index for nitrogen

A

1,4

71
Q

Critical intra gastric pressure for aspiration

A

> 20cm of H2O

72
Q

Contraindications in RSI(rapid sequence intubation)

A

Bag and mask ventilation

73
Q

Induction agent of choice for cerebral protection

A

Thiopentone

Propofol also protective

74
Q

Agents that increase ICP

A

Halothane
Ketamine
ether

75
Q

Bevelling in ET tubes

A

Oral tubes:45degrees

Nasal tubes: 30 degrees

76
Q

ET tube used in thoracic surgery

A

Double lumen tube for one lung ventilation

77
Q

ET tube with narrow distal end used in children

A

Coles tube(narrow subglottis)

78
Q

ET tube used in head and neck surgeries where acute neck Flexion is required

A

Spiral embedded or flexometallic armored tube

79
Q

ET tubes used for lip surgeries

A

RAE(ring,Adair ,elwyn)
South facing- used for upper cleft lip and cleft palate Sx
North facing- used for lower lip Sx

80
Q

Hypotension anesthesia

A

BP reduced by 1/3rd of Preoperative value
Systolic 80-90mm Hg
MAP 50-65mm Hg

81
Q

Indications of hypotensive anesthesia

A 
Cerebral aneurysm or AV malformation Sx
Coarctation of aorta or PDA repair
Nasopharyngeal angiofibromas 
Pheochromocytoma
Jehovah witness
82
Q

Inhalational agent of choice for hypotensive anesthesia

A

Isoflurane

Others:
Halothane
Enflurane

83
Q

Ligamentum nuchae is formed by

A

Supraspinous and interspinous ligaments

84
Q

Mechanical complications of central line

A

Cardiac tamponade

Arrythmias

85
Q

Most common complication of subclavian central line

A

Pneumothorax

86
Q

Delayed complications of central line

A

Venobronchial fistula
Carotid artery-IJV fistula
Pseudoaneurysm
Aortoarterial fistula

87
Q

Critical temperature

A

The temperature above which distinct liquid and gas phases don’t exist.
Above critical temp a liquid cannot be formed by increase in pressure.
But with enough pressure a solid can be formed

88
Q

Critical temperature of Oxygen

A

-119degrees

89
Q

Critical temperature of N2O

A

36.5

90
Q

Critical temperature of air

A

-140.6degrees

91
Q

Critical temperature of nitrogen

A

-146.9degrees

92
Q

Critical temperature of CO2

A

31.04degrees

93
Q

Confirmation of positioning of DLET

A

Flexible Fibrooptic bronchoscope

94
Q

Most commonly used DLT

A

Robert shaw type

95
Q

Sizes of DLT

A

39F for men
37F women
28F pediatrics

96
Q

Methods to ensure correct positioning of ET tube

A 
Ascultation
Chest radiography
Use of underwater seal
Characteristic feeling of bag
Fluoroscopy 
Selective capnography(cannot detect bronchial intubation)
Chest inflation on positive pressure
97
Q

Earliest signs of MH

A

MMR
Unexplained tachycardia
ETCO2 rise

PGI (16 decks)

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