21.6.2013(pediatrics)44 Flashcards
Rx of Meningococcal meningitis
Penicillin
Resistant: ceftriaxone,Cefotaxime
Allergy: chloramphenicol
Same for pneumococci
Recent avian influenza pandemic caused by
H5N9
Prophylaxis of meningococcal outbreak
Chloramphenicol
Umbilical vein oxygen saturation
80%
Very severe disease in young infant(<2months)
Inability to feed Convulsions Abnormally sleepy or difficult to wake Stridor in a calm child Wheezing Fever or Low body temperature
Severe pneumonia in young children(<2months)
Severe chest in drawing Fast breathing(>60/min)
Fast breathing
Less than 2 months more than 60
2months to 1 year more than 50
More than 1 year more than 40
Severe pneumonia(2months-5years)
Chest indrawing
Recurrent wheezing
Nasal flaring
Cyanosis
Very severe pneumonia(2months-5yrs)
Convulsions Inability to feed Drowsy Stridor in calm child Severe malnutrition
Drug of choice for pneumonia
Cotrimoxazole
Drug of choice for severe pneumonia
Benzyl penicillin
DOC for very severe pneumonia
Chloramphenicol
Period of infectivity of chicken pox
24-48hrs before rash ,until all vesicles are crusted
VZIG indications
Administered within 96hrs of exposure in Pregnant Leukemia Infants under 1 months of age Prolonged steroid therapy
Rash in chickenpox
Centripetal Axilla affected Palms and sole spared Rash mostly on flexor surfaces Superficial Unilocular(dew drop appearance) Pleomorphic Area of inflammation seen around vesicle
Fever in chicken pox
Fever rises with appearance of new crops of rash
ANA is not elevated in which JIA
Type 2 Pauciarticular
Systemic JIA
Delayed puberty is common in
Boys
Precocious puberty
Girls(before 8yrs)
Boys(before 9yrs)
Delayed puberty
Girls(13yrs)
Boys(14yrs)
Screening of down first trimester
Increased PAPPA
Increased hCG
Conditions with cryptorchidism
Prader willi Laurence moon biedel Prune belly Beckwidth wideman Trisomy 15,18,21
Finger abnormality in trisomies
Down clinodactyly
Patau polydactyly
Edward syndrome overlapping fingers
Frontal sinus hypoplasia is seen in
Down syndrome
Three fontanels are seen in
Down syndrome
Risk factors for early onset sepsis
Prolonged rupture of membranes LBW maternal fever Meconium aspiration Foul smelling liquor Multiple PV exam
Most important risk factor for GBS sepsis
Preterm
LBW
Risk factors for late onset sepsis
LBW lack of breast feeding Poor cord care Superficial infections Aspiration of feeds disruption of skin integrity
CHPS is common in
Term first born male infants after 2-4 weeks
Diff btw HUS and TTP
Fever
Neurological features
Blood picture in HUS
MAHA
thrombocytopenia
Leukocytosis
Coagulation studies in HUS
Normal PT,aPTT,fibrinogen,FDP
Most common cause of HUS
E.coli O157:H7(world)
Shigella dysenteriae type 1(India)
Other name for henoch schonlein purpura
Anaphylactoid purpura
Prognosis of HSP
Self limiting
Causes of FTT
Behavioural Parental cognitive or mental health problem Child abuse Emotional deprivation GIT GERD malabsorption Pyloric stenosis Malrotation Repair of TEF cardiac CCF cyanotic heart disease
Lead poisoning
Asthma
CHF in TOF
Never occurs except in Anemia IE Hypertension Myocarditis AR/PR
Specific intestinal changes in malabsorption
Fat filled enterocytes(abetalipoproteinemia)
Villi distorted by ectatic lymphatics(lymphangiectasia)
Intensity of murmur in TOF
Inversely proportional to degree of pulmonary stenosis
Total Villous atrophy
Celiac disease
Partial Villous atrophy
Food protein sensitivity Giardia lamblia Immunodeficiency Malnutrition Bacterial overgrowth Tropical enteropathy
Bronchiolitis is common in
Winter
Not breast fed
Males
who live in crowded places
