19.6.2013(pediatrics) 42 Flashcards
Metabolic causes of mental retardation
PKU
homocystinemia
Galactosemia
Mucopolysacharidosis
Common sites of neuroblastoma
Adrenal Paravertebral ganglia Posterior mediastinum Pelvis Cervical area
Infections associated with mental retardation
Toxoplasma
Rubella
CMV
Causes of nephrotic syndrome in children
Minimal change disease MPGN FSGS membranous Mesangial proliferative GN SLE post infectious Vasculitis Amyloidosis Hepatitis B and C Syphilis Malaria HIV
Auscultation in coarctation of aorta
Late ejection systolic to continuous murmur
Rhabdomyosarcomas are common in
Head and neck region
Types of rhabdomyosarcoma
Embryonal
Botryoid
Alveolar
Pleomorphic
Rhabdomyosarcoma with worst prognosis
Alveolar type
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma are common in
Trunk and extremities
Sites of botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma
Vagina Uterus Bladder Nasopharynx Middle ear Bile duct
Onset of apnea of prematurity
2nd to 5th day of life
Metabolic causes of apnea
Hypoglycemia
Hypocalcemia
Hyponatremia
Acidosis
Causes of apnea in preterm infants
hyperthermia
NEC
Anemia
GERD
Diff btw Myositis ossificans and extra skeletal osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Elderly pt
Cytologically malignant cells
Lack of zonation
Diff btw plantar and palmar fibromatosis
Plantar fibromatosis
Flexion contractures are infrequent
Bilaterality is low
50% of Palmar fibromatosis are B/L
Site of peyronie disease
Dorsolateral penile shaft
Mutation in desmoid tumors
APC/beta catenin
Elongated rhabdomyoblasts
Tadpole or strap cells
Most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma
Embryonal
Cause of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
Over expression of IGFII due to parental isodisomy of chr11
Cause of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
t(1;13)
t(2;13) worse prognosis
Rhabdomyosarcoma with best prognosis
Botryoid subtype of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
Deficiency of surfactant,compliance of lung
Reduced
Surfactant appears in amniotic fluid by
28 and 32 weeks
Most common primary cardiac tumor of adults
Atrial myxoma
Most common cardiac tumors in infants and children
Rhabdomyoma
Fibroma
Complications of parenteral nutrition
Infections Liver dysfunction Hyperglycaemia Hyperlipidemia Non anion gap acidosis Electrolyte imbalance
Complications of enteral nutrition
Misplacement of feeding tube Diarrhoea Infections Malabsorption Esophagitis Esophageal ulceration
Complicated meningitis
Subdural empyema
Intracranial abscess
Occlusion of Dural venous sinus
Indicated by papilledema
Still birth
Birth of child after 28 completed weeks(weighing 1000g or more) when baby doesnot show any sign of life after delivery
Perinatal death
Still birth+early neonatal death
Causes of neonatal meningitis
GBS E.coli Klebsiella Salmonella Strep.pneumoniae Pseudomonas Streptococcus fecalis Staph.aureus Listeria
Appearance of Cyanosis in TOF
1 yr
Appearance of cyanosis in TGA
First hour or day of life
Types of TAPVC
Obstructive
Non obstructive
Appearance of cyanosis in TAPVC
Obstructive 1-2weeks of life
Nonobstructive 4-10weeks of life
Common type of TAPVC
Nonobstructive
CHF in PDA appears by
6-10weeks of age(VSD also presents at the same time)
Complications of neonates born to diabetic mother
Hypoglycemia Hypocalcemia Hypomagnesemia Polycythemia Hyperbilirubinemia Cardiomyopathy RDS
Idiopathic adolescent anterior knee pain syndrome
Chondromalacia patellae
