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Neurosensory > 7.1 Systems in the NS, Sensory II - AUDITORY and VESTIBULAR SYSTEMS and Lower Cranial Nerves - OUTER AND MIDDLE EAR > Flashcards

7.1 Systems in the NS, Sensory II - AUDITORY and VESTIBULAR SYSTEMS and Lower Cranial Nerves - OUTER AND MIDDLE EAR Flashcards

1
Q

the OUTER EAR is made up of the …

A

AURICLE (where sound collects)
EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS

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2
Q

the MIDDLE EAR is made up of the..

A

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
MASTOID AIR CELLS (allow air to pass)
AUDITORY OSSICLES - 3 BONES
PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE (EUSTACHIAN TUBE)

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3
Q

INNER EAR is made up of the…

A

LABRINTH
NERVES - VESTIBULAR and COCHLEAR (from Vestibulocochlear)

COCHLEAR

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4
Q

what part of the EAR SHAPES and COLLECTS AIR VIBRATIONS / Sound

A

AURICLE of outer ear

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5
Q

the AURICLE of the OUTER EAR is made up of..

A

THIN PLATE of ELASTIC CARTILAGE covered by skin

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6
Q

PARTS on the AURICLE:

A
  • HELIX
  • ANTIHELIX
  • LOBULAR (ear lobe, made up of fatty tissue covered by skin)
  • TRAGUS
  • ANTITRAGUS
  • CONCHA
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7
Q

EXTERNAL ACOUSIC MEATUS is NEXT to the… of the AURICLE

A

TRAGUS

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8
Q

EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS (OUTER EAR) is S-SHAPED and ENDS at the…

A

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

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9
Q

EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
how much of it is MADE UP from CARTILAGE

A

LATERAL 1/3RD

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10
Q

EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
how much of it is MADE UP from TEMPORAL BONE

A

MEDIAL 2/3RD

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11
Q

the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE is covered with SKIN on the OUTSIDE and … on the INSIDE

A

MUCOUS MEMBRANE

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12
Q

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE is CONNECTED to the surrounding TEMPORAL BONE by what

A

FIBROCARTILAGINOUS RING (all around it)

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13
Q

what characteristic does the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE have that allows structures of the MIDDLE EAR to be VIEWED during OTOSCOPY

A

it is a TRANSLUCENT membrane

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14
Q

which BONE ATTACHES to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

A

MALLEUS BONE

  • HANDLE OF THE MALLEUS attaches

(hammer like appearance)

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15
Q

name of the rest of the MEMBRANE of the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

A

PARS TENSA

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16
Q

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
name of the part of the PARS TENSA MEMBRANE that is between the ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR MALLEOLAR FOLDS

A

PARS FLACCIDA

  • more flaccid (loose)
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17
Q

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
2 landmarks visible at the TOP and BOTTOM of the HANDLE OF MALLEUS

A

top: LATERAL PROCESS OF MALLEUS
bottom: UMBA

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18
Q

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
2 landmarks visible at the TOP and BOTTOM of the HANDLE OF MALLEUS

A

top: LATERAL PROCESS OF MALLEUS
bottom: UMBO

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19
Q

the LATERAL …. of the EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS is made up of CARTILAGE

A

1/3RD

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20
Q

PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE from the NASOPHARYNX opens into which part of the EAR and what does it do

A

MIDDLE EAR (comes up to tympanic membrane)

  • EQUALISES PRESSURE in the middle ear
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21
Q

how many AUDITORY OSSICLES are in the MIDDLE EAR

22
Q

the MEDIAL …. of the EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS is made up of TEMPORAL BONE

23
Q

where is the LABYRINTH found (which part of ear)

24
Q

in which part of the EAR are the MASTOID AIR CELLS

A

MIDDLE EAR

25
what is the name of the part of the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE where LIGHT that enters HITS FIRST
CONE OF LIGHT (on the Pars Tensa)
26
the MIDDLE EAR is an ... CONTAINING CAVITY
AIR CONTAINING CAVITY
27
MIDDLE EAR is an Air containing cavity in WHICH PART of the TEMPORAL BONE
PETROUS part of Temporal Bone
28
MIDLE EAR is LINED with a ...
MUCOUS MEMBRANE
29
The MIDDLE EAR contains the AUDITORY OSSICLES whose function is to..
TRANMIT the VIBRATIONS FROM TYMPANIC MEMBRANE - TO THE PERILYMPH of the INNER EAR / to the OVAL WINDOW (FENESTRA VESTIBULI) tympanic membrane -> fenestra vestibuli / oval window -> inner ear perilymph
30
AUDITORY OSSICLES are 3 SMALL ... BONES found in the TYMPANIC CAVITY
MOBILE - so are able to wobble and vibrate to pass the sound on
31
NAMES of the 3 OSSICLES from Lateral to Medial
- MALLEUS - INCUS - STAPES
32
the HEAD of the MALLEUS has an ARTICULATE SURFACE and ARTICULATES anteriorly or posteriorly with the INCUS (Large Body)
POSTERIORLY
33
HANDLE OF MALLEUS passes DOWNWARDS and .... and ATTACHES to TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
DOWNWARDS & BACKWARDS (Umbo at bottom of handle)
34
what acts as the FULCRUM (Pivot point/hinge?) of the AXIS OF ROTATION of the MALLEUS/INCUS COMPLEX
ANTERIOR PROCESS of the MALLEUS (projects forward)
35
what part of the INCUS ARTICULATES with the Head of the MALLEUS
LARGE BODY
36
INCUS has a ... which ATTACHES to the POSTERIOR WALL of the TYMPANIC CAVITY
SHORT PROCESS
37
what does the LONG PROCESS of the INCUS do
DESCENDS PARALLEL with MALLEUS & BENDS at distal end (bottom) to ATTACH to HEAD of STAPES
38
SHORT PROCESS of INCUS ATTACHES where
to POSTERIOR WALL on TYMPANIC CAVITY
39
what is the SMALLEST BONE IN THE BODY
STAPES
40
STAPES has .... which ATTACH at the OVAL BASE
2 LIMBS - 2 helps percussion of the vibration to go to the base (1 large one wouldn't resonate as well)
41
the EDGE of the BASE of the STAPES is ATTACHED at the ...
FENESTRA VESTIBULI - OVAL WINDOW
42
what ALLOW AIR to be RELEASED INTO the MIDDLE EAR when the PRESSURE is TOO LOW
MASTOID AIR CELLS
43
when do the MASTOID AIR CELLS RELEASE AIR into the MIDDLE EAR
when the PRESSURE IS TOO LOW
44
what allows AIR to be RELEASED FROM the MIDDLE EAR when the PRESSURE is TOO HIGH
PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE
45
AUDITORY OSSICLES (MALLEUS, INCUS, STAPES) TRANSMIT VIBRATIONS from the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE to the ...
OVAL WINDOW / FENESTRA VESTIBULI to the PERILYMPH of the INNER EAR
46
which BONE is ATTACHED to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
MALLEUS - HANDLE of malleus
47
which AUDITORY OSSICLE is the SMALLEST
STAPES - SMALLEST BONE IN WHOLE BODY
48
when PRESSURE is TOO HIGH in the MIDDLE EAR what happens
PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE RELEASES AIR FROM it (by tensing muscles) thus EQUALISING PRESSURE
49
what happens when PRESSURE is TOO LOW in the MIDDLE EAR
MASTOID AIR CELLS RELEASE AIR INTO it
50
what happens when PRESSURE is TOO LOW in the MIDDLE EAR
MASTOID AIR CELLS RELEASE AIR INTO it
51
the MEDIAL PART of the EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS is made up from..
2/3rd TEMPORAL BONE

Neurosensory (17 decks)

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