5. Cells of the Nervous System II - Intra and Inter Neuronal Communication Flashcards
NISSL SUBSTANCE
Granular features with HIGH DENSITY of…
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (RIBOSOMES)
AXON HILLOCK between Soma and Axon
HIGH DENSITY of?
CENTRE for?
VOLTAGE GATED ION CHANNELS
for SYNAPTIC SUMMATION
why does MYELIN SHEATH LIMIT DEPOLARISATION into IMPULSE
has LOW CAPACITANCE
- capability to Store electrical charge
AXONS have a high use of..
ENERGY (mitochondria)
and PROTEINS (RER)
what in AXONS allow vesicles to move up/down to deliver things
MICROTUBULES
and MULTIVESICULAR BODY
AXONS and CELL BODIES in AFFERENT vs EFFERENT neurones
afferent = Sensory:
SHORT AXONS
CELL BODIES in DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA (middle)
Efferent = Motor:
LONG AXONS
CELL BODIES at the start in SPINAL CORD (grey)
define VOLTAGE
and units?
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
- JOULES PER COULOMB
define CURRENT
and units?
FLOW of ELECTRICAL CHARGE
- COULOMBS PER SECOND (AMPERE)
define RESISTANCE
and units?
DIFFICULTY with which CURRENT FLOWS in a circuit
- OHM
Nerve Membrane can act as a resistor
define CONDUCTANCE
and units?
EASE with which a CURRENT FLOWS
- SIEMEN
define CAPACITANCE
and units?
a device that STORES CHARGE
C = Q/V
- FARAD
(nerve membrane can do this)
Equation for OHM’S LAW
i = V/R
Na+ and K+
which ion is Larger in SIZE?
which ion has a larger CHARGED DENSITY?
NA+ : SMALLER
KA+ : BIGGER
NA+: LARGER CHARGED DENSITY
therefore membrane is more permeable to K+
(lower charged density)
what are NICOTINIC RECEPTORS
ACETYLCHOLINE Receptors
(on post-synaptic neurone)
EXCITATORY Neurotransmitters:
- GLUTAMATE
- Aspartate
- Nitric Oxide
- Acetylcholine
- Norepinephrine
