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Neurosensory > 2.1 Anatomy of the BRAIN > Flashcards

2.1 Anatomy of the BRAIN Flashcards

1
Q

BRAIN and BRAIN STEM are PROTECTED by

A

CRANIUM

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2
Q

SPINAL CORD PROTECTED by

A

VERTEBRAL BODIES

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3
Q

CNS RESPONSIBLE for..

A

INTEGRATING, PROCESSING & COORDINATION SENSORY data and MOTOR commands

& Higher functions - INTELLIGENCE, MEMORY, LEARNING, EMOTION

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4
Q

Brain is made up of 2 CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES SEPARATED by a …

A

LONGITUDINAL FISSURE

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5
Q

BRAIN SURFACE is made up of GROOVES or FISSURES called a..

A

SULCUS
(sulci plural)

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6
Q

the RIDGES that stick out on the BRAIN SURFACE are called a..

A

GYRUS
(gyri plural)

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7
Q

LOBES of the BRAIN:
(named in relation to bones)

A
  • FRONTAL LOBE
  • PARIETAL LOBE
  • OCCIPITAL LOBE
  • TEMPORAL LOBE
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8
Q

CENTRAL SULCUS is found between which LOBES

A

FRONTAL and PARIETAL lobes

(goes across the top)

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9
Q

what FISSURE SEPARATES the TEMPORAL LOBE from the FRONTAL and PARIETAL

A

LATERAL FISSURE

(on lateral sides)

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10
Q

what are the FUNCIONAL AREAS of the BRAIN

A

the GYRUS (ridges)

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11
Q

what is RESPONSIBLE for MOTOR COMMANDS

A

PRE-CENTRAL GYRUS

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12
Q

SUPERIOR (front) surface is called…

A

ROSTRAL

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13
Q

POSTERIOR (top of brain) surface is called..

A

DORSAL

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14
Q

INFERIOR (lower back of the brain) surface is called

A

CAUDAL

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15
Q

ANTERIOR (bottom) surface is called

A

VENTRAL

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16
Q

what CONTAINS the PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX

A

PRE-CENTRAL GYRUS

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17
Q

what is the HIGHEST LEVEL in the brain for MOVEMENT CONTROL

A

PRE-CENTRAL GYRUS

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18
Q

SPEECH PRODUCTION controlled by which ‘AREA’ in brain and which LOBE is this in

A

BROCA’S AREA

  • FRONTAL LOBE
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19
Q

COMPREHENSION/UNDERSTANDING of SPEECH is controlled by which ‘AREA’ in the brain and which LOBE(S) is this in

A

WERNICKE’S AREA

  • PARIETAL and OCCIPITAL lobes
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20
Q

PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX for SENSATION is found where

A

in POST CENTRAL GYRUS (posterior)

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21
Q

TOUCH, PRESSURE, PAIN, TEMPERATURE are controlled by …
in which lobe?

A

PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX of the POST-CENTRAL GYRUS

  • PARIETAL LOBE
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22
Q

AUDITORY CORTEX is in which LOBE

A

TEMPORAL LOBE

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23
Q

HEARING ASSOCIATION AREA is on which LOBE

A

TEMPORAL LOBE

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24
Q

PRIMARY VISUAL AREA and VISUAL ASSOCIATION AREA (secondary visual) are found on which LOBE

A

OCCIPITAL LOBE

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25
Q

SPEECH PRODUCTION controlled by which LOBE

A

FRONTAL LOBE - BROCA’S AREA

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26
Q

SPEECH COMPREHENSION controlled by which LOBE

A

PARIETAL & OCCIPITAL - WERNICKE’S AREA

27
Q

MOVEMENT CONTROL is by which LOBE

A

FRONTAL LOBE

  • PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX in PRE-CENTRAL GYRUS
28
Q

HEMISPHERES are CONNECTED by..

A

bundle of Nerve Fibres called CORPUS CALLOSUM

and ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR COMMISSURES

29
Q

the THALAMUS projects Nerve Fibres in ALL DIRECTIONS to the …

A

CEREBRAL CORTEX

and connected by Interthalamic Adhesion

30
Q

HYPOTHALAMUS links the NERVOUS SYSTEM to the ENDORCRINE SYSTEM VIA the…

A

PITUITARY GLAND

31
Q

thin SEPTUM that SEPARATES LATERAL VENTRICLES is called

A

SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM

32
Q

CEREBELLUM (little brain) occupies which FOSSA

A

POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA

33
Q

CEREBELLUM is SEPARATED from OCCIPITAL LOBE by..

A

MENINGES
(3 layers of membranes)

34
Q

where is the CEREBELLUM in RELATION to the PONS and the MEDULLA

A

DORSAL (posterior)

35
Q

CEREBELLUM is JOINED to the BRAINSTEM by 3 BILATERALLY PAIRED..

36
Q

CEREBELLUM is JOINED to the MIDBRAIN (brain stem) by which PEDUNCLE

A

SUPERIOR PEDUNCLE

37
Q

CEREBELLUM is JOINED to the PONS (brain stem) by which PEDUNCLE

A

MIDDLE PEDUNCLE

38
Q

CEREBELLUM is JOINED to the MEDULLA (brain stem) by which PEDUNCLE

A

INFERIOR PEDUNCLE

39
Q

MIDDLE PEDUNCLE JOINS the CEREBELLUM to the..

A

PONS
(brain stem)

40
Q

INFERIOR PEDUNCLE JOINS the CEREBELLUM to the..

41
Q

SUPERIOR PEDUNCLE JOINS the CEREBELLUM to the..

42
Q

CEREBELLUM is for…

A

INVOLUNTARY IMPULSES that help maintain
MUSCLE TONE, BALANCE, POSTURE

and active in COORDINATION, PRECISION, TIMING OF MOVEMENTS & MOTOR LEARNING

43
Q

LOBES of the CEREBELLUM:

A

ANTERIOR LOBE
POSTERIOR LOBE
FLOCCULO-NODULAR LOBE (small)

44
Q

what SEPARATES the ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR LOBES of the CEREBELLUM

A

PRIMARY FISSURE

45
Q

FLOCCULO-NODULAR LOBE helps with..

A

BALANCE and is linked to AUDITORY SYSTEM

46
Q

what can be found LATERALLY on the CEREBELLUM

A

HORIZONTAL FISSURE

47
Q

what can be found on the CEREBELLUM that may herniate

A

CEREBELLAR TONSILS

48
Q

what is the SPACE in the CEREBELLUM where CSF PASSES

A

4TH VENTRICLE

49
Q

what ‘lines’ help split the CEREBELLUM FUNCTIONALY

A

VERMIS and PARAVERMIS

50
Q

FUNCTIONAL AREAS of the CEREBELLUM:

A
  • CEREBROCEREBELLUM (lateral hemispheres)
  • SPINOCEREBELLUM (down the middle, between vermis and paravermis)
  • VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM (flocculonodular lobe)
51
Q

what area is BETWEEN the VERMIS and PARAVERMIS

A

SPINOCEREBELLUM

52
Q

CEREBROCEREBELLUM in the LATERAL HEMISPHERES has what roles

A
  • Planning and Coordinating MOVEMENTS
  • MOTOR LEARNING
  • VISUAL GUIDED MOVEMENTS
53
Q

SPINOCEREBELLUM between the VERMIS and the PARAVERMIS has what roles

A
  • REGULATING MOVEMENTS and CORRECTION
  • PROPRIOCEPTION (awareness of the body in space)
54
Q

VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM in the FLOCCULO-NODULAR LOBE has what roles

A

BALANCE and OCCULAR REFLEXES

55
Q

PROPRIOCEPTION comes from…

A

SPINOCEREBELUM (cerebellum)

56
Q

BRAINSTEM connects the brain to the spinal cord. what are the VITAL FUNCTIONS of the brainstem

A

RESPIRATION
CARDIOVASCULAR
Levels of CONSCIOUSNESS

57
Q

BRAINSTEM-
FUNCTIONS of the MIDBRAIN

A

EYE MOVEMENTS,
AUDITORY,
VISUAL PROCESSING

some MOTOR MOVEMENTS and COORDINATION

58
Q

BRAINSTEM-
FUNCTIONS of the PONS

A

RESPIRATION
(pneumatic centre upper & apneustic centre lower)

INVOLUNTARY ACTIONS

SENSORY : HEARING, BALANCE, TASTE, FACE sensation

MOTOR: EYE, FACE, CHEWING, SALIVATION, TEARS

59
Q

which CRANIAL NERVES arise from the PONS

A

5-8

TRIGEMINAL,
ABDUCENT,
FACIAL,
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR

60
Q

BRAINSTEM-
FUNCTIONS of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA

A

main control of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

REFLEX CENTRES - VOMITING, COUGHING, SNEEZING, SWALLOWING

61
Q

EYE MOVEMENTS, AUDITORY and VISUAL PROCESSING controlled by..

62
Q

MAIN CONTROL of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM comes from the..

A

MEDULLA OBLONGATA

Neurosensory (17 decks)

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