Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neurosensory > 11. Motor II - the CEREBELLUM, feedback and feedforward > Flashcards

11. Motor II - the CEREBELLUM, feedback and feedforward Flashcards

1
Q

FUNCTION of the CEREBELLUM

A

CALIBRATES the PRECISION OF ACTION

  • functions as an ERROR DETECTOR

had Feedback (if movement goes wrong to inhibit in the future) and Feedforward processing to IMPROVE ACCURATY of FUTURE MOVEMENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

LACK of FUNCTION in the CEREBELLUM leads to..

A

CLUMSINESS
- ATAXIA (disordered movement)
or
- DYSMETRIA (badly measured movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the ASCENDING TRACTS

A

DORSAL COLUM

SPINOCEREBELLAR TRACT

SPINOTHALAMIC TRACT

(sensory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the DESCENDING MOTOR TRACTS

A

*CORTICOSPINAL
(pyramidal corticospinal tract)

RETICULOSPINAL

VESTIBULOSPINAL

TECTOSPINAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where is the CEREBELLUM LOCATED is an OUTGROWTH of what

A

the METENCEPHALON / PONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the CORTICAL SURFACE of the Cerebellum is expanded by FOLDS called..

A

FOLIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CEREBELLUM is estimated to have 10X MORE NEURONS than the Cerebral cortex.
largely due to its HIGH DENSITY of which cells

A

GRANULAR CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CEREBELLUM is POSTERIOR to the PONS and which VENTRICLE

A

4TH VENTRICLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which PEDUNCLE connects CEREBELLUM to the PONS and what feedback is it for

A

MIDDLE CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE

aka BRACHIUM PONTIS

  • for INPUT from CORTEX
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where is the CEREBELLUM in relation to the MIDBRAIN and what are they CONNECTED by

A

INFERO-POSTERIOR to midbrain

  • SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE
    aka BRACHIUM CONJUNCTIVUM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE / BRACHIUM CONJUCTIVUM is for what between CEREBELLUM and MIDBRAIN

A

OUTPUT TO THALAMUS (& RED NUCLEUS)

  • Decussates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is the CEREBELLUM in relation to the MEDULLA and what are they CONNECTED by

A

SUPERO-POSTERIOR to medulla

  • INFERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE
    aka RESTIFORM BODY
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

INFERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE / RESTIFORM BODY is for what between CEREBELLUM and MEDULLA

A

INPUT FROM SPINAL CORD PROPRIOCEPTIVE CENTRES

  • from DORSAL SPINOCEREBELLAR TRACT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which connection of the CEREBELLUM to the BRAIN STEM is for INPUT FROM DORSAL SPINOTHALAMIC TRACT from spinal cord PROPRIOCEPTIVE centre

A

INFERIOR PEDUNCLE from MEDULLA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which connection of the CEREBELLUM to the BRAIN STEM is for OUTPUT to the THALAMUS

A

SUPERIOR PEDUNCLE to the MIDBRAIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MIDDLE CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE AKA

A

BRACHIUM PONTIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what happens to the Feedback fibres between the CEREBELLUM and CEREBRAL CORTEX in Middle peduncle INPUT and Superior Peduncle OUTPUT

A

DECUSSATE

  • upper part of the BRAIN controls OPPOSITE SIDE of the body
    but CEREBELLUM helps coordination of movement on the SAME SIDE
18
Q

which fibres have UNCROSSED INPUT to CEREBELLUM

A

DORSAL SPINOCEREBELLAR TRACTS from spinal cord via the INFERIOR PEDUNCLE (restiform body) from Medulla to Cerebellum

19
Q

CEREBELLAR SYNDROMES are on the same or opposite side of the body?

A

IPSILESIONAL

  • on the SAME SIDE of the body as the cerebellar LESION
20
Q

what is the OLDEST part of the CEREBELLUM

A

VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM
aka FLOCCULONODULAR LOBE
aka ARCHICEREBELLUM

(dangling at bottom)

21
Q

VESTIBULOCEREBELLUM aka FLOCCULONODULAR LOBE
aka ARCHICEREBELLUM is for what function

A

BALANCE & EYE MOVEMENT

  • connects to vestibular system and vestibular Nuclei (in brainstem)
22
Q

2nd oldest part of the Cerebellum that is found in the midline area is the SPINOCEREBELLUM aka PALEOCEREBELLUM. it connects to the SPINAL CORD via..

A

MEDIAL DESCENDING and LATERAL DESCENDING PATHWAYS

via the THALAMUS

(somatotopic, ipsilateral)

23
Q

what is the LARGEST PART of the Cerebellum that connects to the FRONTAL LOBE anterior to the primary motor cortex (via THALAMUS)

A

CEREBO-CEREBELLUM aka NEOCEREBELLUM

24
Q

CEREBELLAR FOLIA contains what in the CENTRE/CORE?

and what are the LAYERS going out

A

centre WHITE MATTER

-> GRANULE CELLS (GRANULAR LAYER)
-> PURKINJE CELLS and their DENDRITIC TREES (Purkinje Layer)
-> MOLECULAR LAYER (contains axons of the granule and purkinje cells)

25
Q

STAIN used to see histology of Cerebellum

A

H&E

26
Q

INPUT from which fibres form SYNAPSES with GRANULE CELLS in the Granular Layer

A

MOSSY FIBRES

(from brain stem nuclei and spinal cord)

27
Q

INPUT from where forms SYNAPSES with PURKINJE CELLS

A

INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS

  • comes from the OLIVE of the MEDULLA

connects to purkinje via CLIMBING FIBRES

28
Q

PURKINJE CELLS (large) have a vast DENDRITIC TREE in the Molecular Layer.

how do the GRANULAR CELLS INTERACT with MANY purkinje cell DENDRITIC TREES

A
  • Axons enter MOLECULAR LAYER
  • form Long PARALLEL FIBRES which are perpendicular to the plane of the purkinje cells (dendritic trees)
29
Q

GRANULE CELLS make how many CONNECTIONS with PURKINJE CELLS?

INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS (of Medulla) makes how many CONNECTIONS with PURKINJE CELLS

A

Granule cells: MANY

ION: ONLY ONE CONNECTION

30
Q

GRANULE CELLS receive INPUT from…

A

MOSSY FIBRES

(non-ION inputs)

31
Q

what is the OUTPUT from the PURKINJE CELL

A

INHIBITORY AXON sent to DEEP CEREBELLAR NUCLEUS to the BRAINSTEM
to descending motor tracts

32
Q

which INPUT is an ERROR SIGNAL, sent when a MOVEMENT goes WRONG (signals a motor error)

A

INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS inputs

(from MEDULLA)

33
Q

what is known as LONG-TERM DEPRESSION

A

the CO-FIRING of both GRANULE and ION fibres (parallel and climbing fibres)
SUPPRESSES THE PURKINJE CELL

Synapses weaken so in the future would need more excitation to stimulate

  • involves Ca2+ Signalling
34
Q

how does INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS connect to PURKINJE CELL
via..

A

CLIMBING FIBRE

1 connection

35
Q

how does GRANULAR CELL connect to PURKINJE CELL

via..

A

PARALLEL FIBRE

36
Q

what involves CA2+ SIGNALLING

A

LONG TERM DEPRESSION

where CO-FIRING SUPPRESSES PURKINJE CELL

37
Q

INPUT of the INFERIOR OLVIARY NUCLEUS (MEDULLA)

A

ERROR SIGNAL

38
Q

LIMB MOVEMENT accuracy by which tract

A

SPINOCEREBELLUM

39
Q

EYE MOVEMENT and BALANCE accuracy by which tract

A

VESTIBULOCEREBLLUM

40
Q

what are FOLIA

A

FOLDS on the CORTICAL SURFACE of CEREBELLUM

41
Q

what is BRACHIUM CONJUNCTIVUM

A

SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE

that connects Cerebellum to the MIDBRAIN

(decussate)

42
Q

INPUT from MEDULLA (SPINOCEREBELLAR TRACT) is decussated or uncrossed

A

UNCROSSED

Neurosensory (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions