Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neurosensory > 2.2&3 Anatomy of the NS - Meninges, CSF, Blood Supply, Grey & white matter, Spinal Cord > Flashcards

2.2&3 Anatomy of the NS - Meninges, CSF, Blood Supply, Grey & white matter, Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

MENINGES are the 3 LAYERS of MEMBRANES that cover the Brain and are continuous with the Spinal Cord.

layers:

A

DURA - TOUGH OUTER LAYER

ARACHNOID - Spider web

PIA - THIN, INNER LAYER that ADHERES to SURFACE of BRAIN/SPINAL CORD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

DURA has many different reflections consisting of how many LAYERS

A

2 LAYERS but only 1 PASSES THROUGH FORAMEN MAGNUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ARACHNOID is the delicate MIDDLE layer that lines the Dura matter and DEEP to this is the..

A

SUB-ARACHNOID with CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PIA - inner layer firmly attached to surface of brain or spinal cord- FORMS what that ATTACH to ARACHNOID and DURA

A

DENTICULATE LIGAMENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

VENTRICULAR SYSTEM of the BRAIN has how many VENTRICLES
how are they named

A

4

LATERAL ventricles (2)
3RD ventricle (near thalamus)
4TH ventricle (at level of cerebellum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

VENTRICLES of brain do what

A

CSF - PRODUCTION and CIRCULATION

spaces filled with CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CSF is PRODUCED by what in ALL ventricles

A

CHOROID PROCESS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does CSF help with

A

CHEMICAL STABILITY
NUTRIENTS
PROTECTION of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how does CSF PASS BETWEEN VENTRICLES

A

through VENTRICULAR FORAMEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

approx how much CSF in the VENTRICULAR and SUBARACHNOID SPACES

A

150 ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CSF is continuously produced by choroid plexus, circulated and REABSORBED into the…

A

DURAL VENOUS SINUSES
- SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS

through ARACHNOID VILLI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CSF is REABSORBED INTO DURAL VENOUS SINUSES through the …

A

ARACHNOID VILLI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MOST CSF produced in which Ventricle

A

LATERAL VENTRICLES (2 of them)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does CSF LEAVE the 4TH VENTRICLE into Subarachnoid space

via…

A

3 APERTURES

  • MEDIAN aperture aka FORAMEN of MAGENDIE
  • 2 LATERAL apertures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CSF travels from LATERAL VENTRICLES through ….. to the 3RD VENTRICLE

(but produced in all ventricles)

A

INTERVENTRICULAR FORAMEN (of Monro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CSF travels from 3RD VENTRICLE through ….. to the 4TH VENTRICLE

A

CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT

and out through 3 apertures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

SOME CSF MAY NOT enter the SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS (dural venous sinus)

where might some of it go?

A

some may enter SMALL ARACHNOID VILLI

projecting into SPINAL VEINS
exiting through INTERVENTRICULAR FORAMINA

in LYMPHATICS, ADVENTITIA of ARTERIES, BASE of BRAIN, EPINEURIUM of CRANIAL NERVES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the FORAMEN OF MAGENDIE

A

name for the MEDIAN APERTURE

  • one of the 3 apertures that CSF leaves 4th ventricle via, into subarachidonic space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what rises from the BRACIOCEPHALIC TRUNK (from Arch of Aorta)

A

(right) COMMON CAROTID ARTERY

(right) SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

COMMON CAROTID ARTERY BIFURCATES at what LEVEL into the INTERNAL CAROTID and EXTERNAL CAROTID (to face)

A

around C3-C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

SUBCLAVIAN ARTERIES give rise to…

A

VERTEBRAL ARTERIES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

VERTERBRAL ARTERIES pass THROUGH the TRANSVERSE FORAMEN of the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE at which LEVELS

A

from C1-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

VERTEBRAL ARTERIES MERGE to form which artery

A

BASILAR ARTERY
at the base of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY enters the SKULL THROUGH the…

A

CAROTID CANAL (MIDDLE CRANIAL FOSSA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR BLOOD SUPPLIES coming from 2 PAIRS of ARTERIES:

A

INTERNAL CAROTID and VERTEBRAL ARTERIES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

2 PAIRS of ARTERIES (vertebral & internal carotid) are CONNECTED together via which artery

A

POSTERIOR COMMUNICATING ARTERY

  • part of CIRCLE OF WILLIS (ring of arteries located at the base of the brain)
27
Q

what JOINS the ANTERIOR CEREBARAL ARTERIES

A

ANTERIOR COMMUNICATING artery

28
Q

ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY supplies which part of BRAIN

A

MEDIAL SURFACE
(heads anteriorly)

29
Q

MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY supplies which part of BRAIN

A

MIDDLE portion

30
Q

POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY supplies which part of BRAIN

A

INSIDE MEDIAL PORTION back towards OCCIPITAL LOBE

(heads posteriorly)

31
Q

POSTERIOR COMMUNICATING ARTERY joins the INTERNAL CAROTID to the..

A

POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY

32
Q

ARTERIES SUPPLYING the CEREBELLUM

A

SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR (coming of basilar)

ANTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR (coming off basilar artery)
POSTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR (PICA)
(coming off vertebral artery)

33
Q

ARTERIES SUPPLYING BRAIN STEM PONS

A

PONTINE (multiple coming off basilar)

34
Q

where do the DURAL VENOUS SINUSES JOIN UP (drain into)

A

CONFLUENCE OF SINUSES

35
Q

CONFLUENCE OF SINUSES drains back to CVS by which PATHWAY

A

-> TRANSVERSE SINUS
-> SIGMOID SINUS
->INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN

36
Q

which BRANCHES JOIN to form the STRAIGHT SINUS which also drains into CONFLUENCE OF SINUSES

A

INFERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS & GREAT CEREBRAL VEIN

37
Q

name of the DURAL VENOUS SINUS around the PITUITARY GLAND

A

CAVERNOUS SINUS

(gives rise to sphenoparietal sinus)

38
Q

what DRAINS INTO the INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN

A

SIGMOID SINUS

39
Q

MAIN DURAL VENOUS SINUS

A

SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS

40
Q

SPINAL CORD and BRAIN are made up of GREY & WHITE MATTER

how are they arranged in the SPINAL CORD

A

Inside GREY MATTER

Outside WHITE MATTER

(majority)

41
Q

SPINAL CORD and BRAIN are made up of GREY & WHITE MATTER

how are they arranged in the BRAIN

A

Inside WHITE MATTER

Outside GREY MATTER

(majority)

42
Q

GREY MATTER CONTAINS

A

numerous NERVE CELL BODIES

which form LONGITUDINAL COLUMNS ALONG the SPINAL CORD

separation of cell bodies give a characteristic H / BUTTERFLY SHAPE

43
Q

GREY MATTER has 4 EXTENSIONS / PROJECTIONS that project in which directions towards the Lines of Attachment

A

DORSOLATERALLY / DORSAL
(pointed ends)

VENTROLATERALLY / VENTRAL

44
Q

role of VENTRAL EXTENSIONS of GREY MATTER

A

MOTOR neurones that innervate Skeletal Muscles

45
Q

role of DORSAL EXTENSIONS of GREY MATTER

A

SENSORY

AFFERENT NEURONES conveying IMPULSES from the body and the site of ASCENDING pathways toward the Brain

46
Q

what can you see LATERALLY on GREY MATTER at THORACIC and LUMBAR ENLARGEMENTS

A

LATERAL HORN

47
Q

LATERAL HORN of GREY MATTER contains PREGANGLIONIC NEURONES belonging to which nervous system

A

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (AUTONOMIC)

48
Q

WHITE MATTER consists of

A

MYELINATED AXON TRACTS

  • for FASTER SIGNALS between cells

(pale appearance due to fat / myelin)

49
Q

WHITE MATTER of the SPINAL CORD consists of

A

ASCENDING and DESCENDING AXONS that LINK SPINAL CORD SEGMENTS to one another and to the brain

50
Q

what makes up the BULK of the CENTRAL PART of BRAIN

A

WHITE MATTER

51
Q

SPINAL CORD is CONTINUOUS With..

A

MEDULLA OBLONGATA

52
Q

where are the ENLARGEMENTS of the SPINAL CORD due to INCREASED NERVOUS TISSUE to the upper and lower limbs

A

at CERVICAL and LUMBOSACRAL regions

53
Q

INFERIOR part of the SPINAL CORD TAPERS OFF and finises at the…

A

CONUS MEDULLARIS

(cone shaped)

54
Q

CONUS MEDULLARIS of SPINAL CORD is ANCHORED to the COCCYX by a FIBROUS STRAND of TISSUE called the..

A

FILUM TERMINALE

55
Q

whats the CHORDAE EQUINA

A

collection of NERVES at the END of the SPINAL CORD

After it finishes off at the Conus Medullaris

56
Q

SPINAL NERVE is connected by … and … ROOTS

A

DORSAL (Posterior) and VENTRAL (Anterior) ROOTS

57
Q

DORSAL ROOT of SPINAL NERVE

afferent or efferent?
sensory or motor?

A

AFFERENT SENSORY root

carries signals TOWARDS the CNS

58
Q

In DORSAL ROOT the CELL BODIES can be seen CLUSTERED as..

A

DORSAL ROOT GANGLION

59
Q

VENTRAL ROOT of SPINAL NERVE

afferent or efferent?
sensory or motor?

A

EFFERENT MOTOR root

contains motor nerve fibres taking signals AWAY FROM CNS

60
Q

which MATTER has ASCENDING and DESCENDING PATHWAYS along the SPINAL CORD

A

WHITE MATTER

61
Q

how is WHITE MATTER in CERVICAL REGION as opposed to SACRAL REGION

A

MORE in CERVICAL REGION
LESS in SACRAL REGION

(less as you go further down)

62
Q

which ROOT deals with SENSORY INFORMATION

A

DORSAL

63
Q

the LATERAL HORN of GREY MATTER in the SPINAL CORD is RESPONSIBLE for what

A

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

64
Q

name of the 2 BUMPS visible on the DORSAL SURFACE on the SPINAL CORD known as DORSAL COLUMNS

in the WHITE MATTER, particularly visible in CERVICLE Region

A

FASICULUS CUNEATUS
FASICULUS GRACILIS

(go to upper limbs or to lower thoracic and lower limbs)

Neurosensory (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions