6th Evals 2018 - Lower Limb Flashcards
1
Q
- An injection in the posterior hip region is best placed in the ______ quadrant of the hip.
A. Upper lateral C. Lower lateral
B. Upper medial D. Lower medial
A
A
2
Q
- At what location do the three bones of the hip ossify?
A. Pelvic brim B. Pelvic inlet
C. Acetabulum D. Greater pelvis
A
C
3
Q
3. The posterior termination of the iliac crest is the: A. Ischial tuberosity B. Spine of the ilium C. Posterior inferior iliac spine D. Posterior superior iliac spine
A
D
4
Q
- When the buttock is used for an intramuscular injection, care must be taken to avoid the:
A. Sciatic nerve C. Femoral artery
B. Femoral nerve D. Obturator nerve
A
A
5
Q
- Which of the following muscle groups is not located in the thigh region?
A. Adductor C. Gluteal
B. Hamstring D. Quadriceps
A
C
6
Q
6. Through which point of the pelvic girdle does the sciatic nerve pass to the leg? A. Acetabular notch B. Greater sciatic notch C. Obturator foramen D. Anterior sacral foramen
A
B
7
Q
7. Which of these muscles is an adductor? A. Gluteus medius B. Tensor fascia lata C. Iliacus D. Pectineus
A
D
- GLUTEUS MEDIUS - medial rotator and abductor of thigh
- TENSOR FASCIA LATAE - medial rotator and abductor of thigh
- ILIACUS - thigh flexor
- PECTINEUS - flexes, adducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg at knee joint (medially rotates leg when flexed)
8
Q
- Choose the muscle that does not belong to the quadriceps femoris group of the anterior thigh.
A. Biceps femoris C. Vastus lateralis
B. Rectus femoris D. Vastus medialis
A
A
9
Q
- The muscle that extends and laterally rotates the thigh is the:
A. Iliacus C. Gluteus medius
B. Gluteus minimus D. Gluteus maximus
A
D
10
Q
10.Which gluteal muscle does not insert on the greater trochanter of the femur?
A. Gluteus medius C. Gluteus maximus
B. Gluteus minimus D. None of the above
A
C
All gluteal muscles inset on the greater trochanter of the femur EXCEPT:
1) Gluteus maximus - inserts on lataral condyle of tibia, &
2) Quadratus femoris - insets on quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of femur.
11
Q
11.The \_\_\_\_\_\_ nerve is the largest in the body. A. Sciatic B. Femoral C. Pudendal D. Obturator
A
A
12
Q
12.The hip is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ joint. A. Hinge B. Ball and socket C. Pivot D. Condyloid
A
B
13
Q
13.The head of the femur articulates with the: A. Patella B. Glenoid cavity C. Acetabulum D. Obturator foramen
A
C
14
Q
14.Hernias are a frequent occurrence in the: A. Natal cleft B. Femoral triangle C. Popliteal space D. Fold of the buttock
A
B
15
Q
15.A varicose vein is an excessively enlarged _______ vein.
A. Tibial C. Femoral
B. Popliteal D. Small Saphenous
A
D
16
Q
16.The _______ is the most important arterial pressure point to the lower extremity.
A. Adductor canal C. Obturator canal
B. Femoral triangle D. All of the above
A
B
17
Q
17.The _______ nerve traverses the femoral triangle as it innervates the muscle of the thigh.
A. Sciatic C. Femoral
B. Obturator D. Pudendal
A
C
18
Q
18.The _______ muscle inserts on the gluteal tuberosity of the femur and the iliotibial tract.
A. Gluteus medius C. Pectineus
B. Gluteus minimus D. Gluteus maximus
A
D
19
Q
19.Which of the following muscle is antagonistic to the hamstring group of muscles?
A. Rectus femoris C. Piriformis
B. Quadratus femoris D. Obturator internus
A
A
20
Q
20.Of the muscles considered the Hamstrings, only the _______ muscle originates on the linea aspera of the femur.
A. Semitendinosus C. Long head of the biceps femoris
B. Semimembranosus D. Short head of the biceps femoris
A
D
21
Q
21.The gluteus minimus which attaches to the _______, can abduct the thigh.
A. Lesser trochanter C. Iliotibial tract
B. Greater trochanter D. Gluteal tuberosity
A
B
22
Q
22.The ischiofemoral ligament can be best seen from a ________ view.
A. Anterior C. Medial
B. Posterior D. Lateral
A
B
23
Q
23.The spiral arrangements of the ligaments that make up the hip joint resists ________ of the thigh.
A. Abduction C. Medial rotation
B. Adduction D. Lateral rotation
A
C
24
Q
24.The femoral artery can be found on the anterior surface of the ________ muscle.
A. Sartorius C. Obturator internus
B. Adductor longus D. Obturator externus
A
B
25
25.The gracilis muscle can be found on the medial surface of the _________ muscle.
A. Pectineus C. Iliopsoas
B. Adductor magnus D. Vastus lateralis
B
26
26.The sartorius muscle, which received blood from the deep femoral artery, can ________ the thigh and the leg.
A. Flex C. Abduct
B. Extend D. Adduct
A
27
27.The posterior fibers of the _________, which receives its primary innervations from the tibial nerve, can extend the thigh.
A. Gracilis C. Adductor longus
B. Obturator externus D. Adductor magnus
D
28
28.The pectineus muscle, which attaches to the _________, is innervated by the femoral nerve.
A. Inferior ramus of pubis C. Ischial tuberosity
B. Superior ramus of pubis D. Adductor tubercle
B
29
29.The femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery at the adductor hiatus, which is found in the _________ muscle.
A. Adductor brevis C. Adductor magnus
B. Adductor longus D. Obturator externus
C
30
30.The lateral edge of the femoral triangle is formed by the _________ muscle.
A. Sartorius C. Iliopsoas
B. Adductor longus D. Pectineus
A
31
31.A deep lacerated wound found in the lateral posterior aspect 2 cm above the knee joint may result in which of the following?
A. Inability to extend the affected leg
B. Inability to invert the foot
C. Inability to dorsiflex the affected foot
D.Inability to walk
C
32
32.Which of the following is the most anterior structure in the popliteal fossa?
A. Popliteal artery C. Tibial nerve
B. Popliteal vein D. Common peroneal nerve
A
33
33.Which of the following describes the popliteal artery?
A. It is a branch of the femoral artery
B. Ends as it branches into superior and inferior genicular arteries
C. It is the most posterior structure in the popliteal fossa
D. It is the basic blood supply of everything below the knee
D
34
34.Which of the following is the least important bone with regards to the integrity of the knee joint?
A. Patella C. Fibula
B. Femur D. Tibia
C
35
35.The cruciate ligaments are named based on their relationship with the intercondylar eminence of which of the following bones?
A. Patella C. Fibula
B. Femur D. Tibia
D
36
36.The lateral collateral ligament is separated from the lateral meniscus by which of the following structures?
A. Plantaris muscle tendon C. Oblique popliteal ligament
B. Popliteus muscle tendon D. Arcuate popliteal ligament
B
37
37.Which of the following describes the medial meniscus?
A. It is more mobile compared to its lateral counterpart
B. It is attached to the medial collateral ligament
C. It increases the incongruity of the joint
D. It is less prone to injury compared to its lateral counterpart
B
38
38.Among the following, which is the most important in terms of giving stability to the knee joint?
A. Menisci C. Cruciate ligaments
B. Collateral ligaments D. Quadriceps
D
39
39.Which of the following muscles act on the knee joint?
A. Tibialis anterior C. Fibularis tertius
B. Gastrocnemius D. Soleus
B
40
40.Which of the following muscles belong to the anterior leg compartment?
A. Flexor digitorum longus C. Plantaris
B. Extensor digitorum longus D. Popliteus
B
41
41.An abscess is seen in the area of the lateral malleolus, which of the following groups of lymph nodes will become swollen and palpable?
A. Popliteal Lymph Node C. Sacral Lymph Node
B. Inguinal Lymph Node D. Lumbar Lymph Node
A
42
42.A 23 year-old basketball varsity player sustained a right ankle sprain. X-ray of the ankle and foot revealed a fracture on the distal fibula 2 cm above the ankle joint. What is your Anatomical Diagnosis?
A. Right Distal Fibular Fracture, Danis-Weber B
B. Right Distal Fibular Fracture, Hawkins 3
C.Right Fibular Fracture, Danis-Weber C
D.Right Fibular Fracture, Hawkins 2
C
43
43.In Lisfranc’s Amputation, which of the following joint is disarticulated?
A. Cuneonavicular Joint C. Talonavicular Joint
B. Cuneocuboid Joint D. Tarsometatarsal Joint
D
44
44.A deep lacerated wound on the medial side of the foot (inferior to the medial malleolus) will possibly damage which artery?
A. Dorsalis Pedis C. Posterior Tibial
B. Anterior Tibial D. Fibular
C
45
```
45. A deep lacerated wound on the medial side of the foot (inferior to the medial malleolus) will possibly damage which nerve?
A. Tibial Nerve
B. Medial Plantar Nerve
C.Lateral Plantar Nerve
D.Sural Nerve
```
A
46
```
46.The skin on the web between the 2nd and the 3rd toe is supplied by what nerve:
A. Superficial Peroneal Nerve
B. Deep Peroneal Nerve
C.Calcaneal Nerve
D. Sural Nerve
E. Tibial Nerve
```
A
47
47.Which of the following best describes a Type 4 Talar Neck Fracture?
A. Non-displaced talar neck fracture
B. Subtalar joint dislocation with displaced talar neck fracture
C. Posterior displacement of the talar body with dislocation of subtalar joint
D. Talar neck fracture with talonavicular joint dislocation or subluxation
D
48
```
48.True of the lumbricals of the foot:
A. There are 4 plantar lumbricals
B. The 2nd toe has no plantar lumbricals
C. The 2nd toe has no dorsal lumbricals
D. The 5th toe is equipped with a dorsal lumbrical
```
B
49
```
49.What is the keystone of the transverse arch of the foot?
A. Navicular
B. Intermediate Cuneiform
C.Lateral Cuneiform
D. Cuboid
E. Medial Cuneiform
```
B
50
```
50.A Bohler’s Angle of less than 20 degrees signifies?
A. Distal Tibial Fracture
B. Distal Fibular Fracture
C.Talar Neck Fracture
D. Calcaneal Fracture
E. Metatarsal Fracture
```
D
51
Kicking muscle
Rectus femoris
52
Slender muscle
Gracilis
53
Tailor's muscle
Sartorius
54
Largest and heaviest muscle
Gluteus maximus
55
Longest muscle
Sartorius
56
Hip extensors involved in walking on flat ground
Hamstring muscles
57
Strong lateral rotator of the thigh
Quadratus femoris
58
Weakest adductor and the synergist in adducting the thigh
Gracilis
59
Great extensor of the leg
Quadricep femoris
60
Most powerful hip flexors with longest range
Iliopsoas
61
Lymph nodes found inside femoral canal
Cloquet
62
Aka sub sartorial canal
Hunter
63
Iliotibial tract/band
Maissiat
64
Strongest ligament of the hip joint
Bigelow
65
Hip pointer/charley horse/Duverney Fx
ilium (iliac crest)
66
"Rider's strain"
Adductor longus
67
Sitz bone
Ischial tuberosity
68
Stieda fx
Medial femoral condyle
69
Runner's knee
Patella
70
Sinus tarsi=
Salcus calcanei+sulcus tali
71
Exaggeration of medial plantar arch
Pes cavus
72
Formed by the articular surface of the tibia for the talar hone
Ankle mortise
73
Evertor of the foot
Peroneus tertius
