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ANATOMY > 10th EVALS 2018 > Flashcards

10th EVALS 2018 Flashcards

1
Q

Mesencephalon

A

Midbrain

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2
Q

gray mater. cell bodies or myelin sheath?

A

cell bodies

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3
Q

white mater. cell bodies or myelin sheath?

A

myelin sheath

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4
Q

involuntary and instantaneous

A

reflex

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5
Q

12 pairs arising from the spinal cord

A

cranial nerves

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6
Q

31 pairs arising from the spinal cord

A

spinal nerves

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7
Q

gray mater of cerebral cortex where?

A

periphery

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8
Q

gray mater of spinal cord where?

A

core

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9
Q

white mater of cerebral cortex where?

A

core

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10
Q

white mater of spinal cord where?

A

periphery

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11
Q

ganglia

A

collection of cell bodies INSIDE CNS sharing a common function

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12
Q

nuclei

A

collection of cell bodies INSIDE CNS sharing a common function

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13
Q

from external environment

A

exteroceptive sensation

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14
Q

reflex arc

A

sensory arm, motor arm, interneuron

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15
Q

CNS

A

cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord

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16
Q

prevents horizontal displacement

A

denticulate ligament

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17
Q

prevents vertical displacement

A

filum terminale

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18
Q

dural reflections are formed by…

A

meningeal dura

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19
Q

middle meningeal artery enters cavity through

A

foramen spinosum

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20
Q

middle meningeal artery lies between

A

2 dural layers - endosteal and meningeal

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21
Q

middle meningeal artery is a branch of…

A

maxillary artery

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22
Q

dural layers that form an actual space

A

arachnoid membrane and pia mater (subarachnoid space)

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23
Q

potential spaces

A

subdural space and epidural space

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24
Q

lentiform/biconvex/lenticular shaped hematoma bleeding where?

A

epidural space

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25
Q

moon crescent shaped hematoma

A

subdural

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26
Q

hematoma conforming with the brain shape

A

subarachnoid

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27
Q

leptomeninx

A

arachnoid + pia

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28
Q

pachymeninx

A

dura mater

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29
Q

3rd ventricle found where

A

between the hypothalamus

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30
Q

traverses the tegmentum of the midbrain

A

cerebral aqueduct of sylvius

–connects 3rd and 4th ventricles

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31
Q

derived from plasma and fills the ventricles

A

CSF

32
Q

dilated portion of subarachnoid space located anterior to pontomedullary junction

A

prepontine cistern

33
Q

expanded portion of arachnoid space named after structures adjacent to them

A

cisterns

34
Q

surrounded by subarachnoid space: spinal cord, brain, intracranial part of cranial nerves, intravertebral part of spinal nerves?

A

ALL

35
Q

arises from vertebral artery

A 
posterior inferior cerebral artery (PICA),
posterior spinal artery (PSA),
anterior spinal artery ,
medullary artery,
basilar artery
36
Q

blood supply of the insular lobe

A

middle cerebral artery

37
Q

middle cerebral artery

A 
Largest branch of ICA
o Runs laterally passing through the Lateral Sylvian
Sulcus
o Territorial Supply:
• Lateral Frontal Lobe
• Lateral Parietal Lobe
• Anterior Temporal Area
• Insula
• Lentiform and Caudate Nuclei
• Internal Capsule
38
Q

territorial supply of anterior cerebral artery

A
  • Medial Portion of the frontal lobe
  • Superior Medial Parietal Lobe
  • Lentiform Nucleus
  • Caudate Nucleus
  • Internal Capsule
39
Q

posterior cerebral artery

A

o Inferolateral and Medial Surface of the Temporal Lobe

o Occcipital Lobe

40
Q

confluence of sinuses =

A

straight + superior + occipital

41
Q

straight sinus =

A

superior sagittal + inferior sagittal

42
Q

drains the insular lobe

A

deep middle cerebral vein

43
Q

drains in the superior sagittal sinus

A

superior cerebral vein

44
Q

drains into the cavernous sinus

A

superficial middle cerebral vein

45
Q

empty in the Great Cerebral Vein of Galen

A

basal vein of rosenthal

46
Q

sensory homonculus

A

bigger lips

47
Q

motor homonculus

A

bigger face and hands

48
Q

area 32 & 33

A

anterior cingulate cortex

hypostimulation: low attention span
hyperstimulation: ADHD

49
Q

hemineglect can be seen among patients with lesion affecting

A

right primary somatosensory area

50
Q

lesion on right area 312 will result in

A

sensory deficit on the left upper extremity

51
Q

gyrus surrounding the parieto-occipital fissure

A

primary visual cortex

52
Q

axons from ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus will project to what part of the cerebral cortex

A

area 312

53
Q

anterior hypothalamus

A

lowers body temp

54
Q

posterior hypothalamus

A

increases body temp

55
Q

VPL

A

pain or temp, neck below

56
Q

VPM

A

head and neck and taste

57
Q

VPL connections - afferent:

A

Medial and Spinal Lemniscus (tracts in the brainstem carrying

58
Q

VPM connections - afferent:

A

Afferent – Trigeminal Lemniscus,

Gustatory fibers

59
Q

damage to the subthalamic nucleus will result to a condition known as

A

hemiballismus of the CONTRALATERAL side

60
Q

separates the medial and lateral groups of hypothalamic nuclei

A

mamilothalamic tract; fornix

61
Q

controls the sleep wake cycle

A

suprachiasmatic hypothalamic nuclei

62
Q

oxytocin is expressed by which hypothalamic nuclei

A

paraventricular

63
Q

antidiuretic is expressed by which hypothalamic nuclei

A

supraoptic

64
Q

defining anatomical feature of caudal midbrain

A

inferior colliculus

65
Q

defining anatomical feature of the rostral medulla

A

olive

66
Q

brainstem nuclei that receive general somatic afferent information

A

mesencephalic nucleus of CN V

67
Q

has both somatic motor and parasympathetic components

A

occulomotor nerve

68
Q

principal site at which integration of sensory info regarding the cardiovascular and respiratory system is located

A

nucleus solitarius

69
Q

occulomotor nerve

A
  • axons terminate in the levator palpebrae superioris
  • axons terminate in the medial rectus muscle
  • lesion results in double vision when the ipsilateral eyelid is raised
  • axons travel through the cavernous sinus
70
Q

diplopia is always present except when ask to gaze to the contralateral side of the lesion

A

abducens

71
Q

right hypoglossal nerve

A

tongue will deviate towards the right

72
Q

nucleus tractus is shared by these cranial nerves

A

VII, IX, X

73
Q

dorsal motor nucleus is shared by which CN

A

CN X

74
Q

damage to the right edinger westphal nucleus will result in

A

loss of direct and consensual light reflex on right eye

75
Q

corneal reflex controlled by

A

trigeminal and facial nerves

76
Q

trigeminal nerve

A

the main motor nuclei of CN V is located in rostral pons

77
Q

lesion involving the facial nerve distal to its exit to stylomastoid foramen will result in…

A

ipsilateral facial paralysis, both upper and lower quadrant.

ANATOMY (23 decks)

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