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ANATOMY > 07-03 GIT Gx Small Intestine, Pancreas, Spleen > Flashcards

07-03 GIT Gx Small Intestine, Pancreas, Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts of the small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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2
Q

first and shortest part of the intestine; widest and most fixed part

A

duodenum

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3
Q

duodenum: Considered partially

retroperitoneal, except

A

first 2.5cm

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4
Q

duodenum shape

A

C-shaped

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5
Q

duodenum begins at __ and ends at ___

A

pylorus;

duodeno-jejunal junction (flexure)

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6
Q

4 parts of duodenum

A

1) first part (superior) or duodenal bulb
2) second part (descending)
3) third part (horizontal)
4) fourth part (ascending)

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7
Q

first part of duodenum (duodenal bulb) lies anterolateral to the

A

body of the L1 vertebra

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8
Q

most movable part of the duodenum

A

1st part (superior) or duodenal bulb

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9
Q

(duodenum) has a mesentery and is mobile and attached to this part (greater omentum and hepatoduodenal ligament)

A

proximal half

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10
Q

(duodenum) has no mesentery and is immobile (fixed to the posterior abdominal wall)

A

distal half

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11
Q

(duodenum) common bile duct and main pancreatic duct enter the posteromedial wall of the ____ obliquely and unite to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)

A

duodenum 2nd part (descending)

–also note: has no mesentery and retroperitoneal

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12
Q

(duodenum) located 8-10cm distal to the pylorus

A

major duodenal papilla

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13
Q

(duodenum) located 6-8cm distal to the pylorus

A

lesser duodenal papilla

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14
Q

(duodenum) duodenum part at the level of L3 vertebra

A

third part (horizontal)

also note: adherent to the posterior abdominal wall

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15
Q

meets the jejunum at the duodenojejunal flexure

A

duodenum 4th part (ascending)

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16
Q

(duodenum) a fibromuscular band supporting the duodenojejunal flexure

A

Ligament of Treitz (suspensory muscle of duodenum)

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17
Q

(duodenum) arteries of the duodenum arise form the

A

celiac trunk and

superior mesentery artery (SMA)

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18
Q

(duodenum) embryological - foregut - supplied by

A

celiac trunk

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19
Q

(duodenum) embryological - midgut - supplied by

A

SMA

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20
Q

(duodenum) supplies the duodenum PROXIMAL TO THE ENTRY OF BILE DUCT into the descending part of the duodenum

A

celiac trunk -> gastroduodenal artery -> superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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21
Q

(duodenum) supplies the duodenum DISTAL TO THE ENTRY OF BILE DUCT

A

SMA -> inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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22
Q

(duodenum) location of anastomosis f the superior and inferior panccreaticoduodenal arteries

A

between the entry of the bile duct and the junction of the descending and inferior parts of the duodenum

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23
Q

(duodenum) lies in the curve between the duodenum and the head of the pancreas and supply both structures

A

pancreaticoduodenal arteries

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24
Q

(duodenum) veins of the duodenum drain into the HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN, some directly and others indirectly, through the

A

superior mesenteric and

splenic veins

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25
(duodenum) superior pancreaticoduodenal vein will drain into the
portal vein (directly)
26
(duodenum) inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein will drain to
superior mesenteric vein (SMV), ...SMV will then drain to the portal vein.
27
(duodenum) Drain upward - pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes to..
gastroduodenal nodes | celiac nodes
28
(duodenum) Drain downward - pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes to...
superior mesenteric plexus
29
duodenal sympathetic innervation derive from ___ via __-
vagus and greater and lesser (abdominopelvic) splanchnic nerves via celiac & mesenteric plexuses
30
mobile portion of the duodenum
first 2cm of the superior part
31
part of duodenum crossed by SMA and SMV
3rd
32
hepatopancreatic ampulla opens at which part of the duodenum?
ascending
33
.This structure indicates the junction of the distal part of the duodenum and the proximal part of the jejunum:
Ligament of Treitz
34
Marks anatomical union of (common) bile duct & Duct of Wirsung:
Vater
35
The blood supply of the duodenum that is PROXIMAL to the entry of the bile duct comes from the:
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
36
marks the end of the duodenum and the beginning of the jejunum
Ligament of Treitz
37
ave. length of duodenum
25cm
38
most blood supply of the small intestine comes from
SMA
39
opening into the pancreatic and common bile duct is found in which portion of the duodenum?
2nd.. the ducts enters it posteromedial wall.
40
jejunum begins at
duodenojejunal flexure;
41
ileum ends at
the ileocecal junction
42
most of jejunum lies in which quadrant
lower upper quadrant (LUQ)
43
most of ileum lies in which quadrant
right lower quadrant (RLQ)
44
fan-shaped fold of peritoneum that attaches the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall
mesentery
45
Usually arises at the level of L1 vertebra, 1 cm inferior to the coeliac trunk; -supplies jejunum and ileum via jejunal and ileal arteries
Superior mesenteric artery
46
Unites with the splenic vein to form the portal vein; drains the jejunum and ileum
Superior mesenteric vein
47
lymphatic drainage of jejunum and ileum
superior mesenteric nodes
48
Sympathetic supply of jejunum & ileum
Greater and lesser splanchnic nerve
49
Parasympathetic supply of jejunum & ileum
Posterior vagal trunk via the coeliac plexus
50
thick and heavy wall - jejunum or ileum?
jejunum
51
greater vascularity - jejunum or ileum?
jejunum
52
long vasa recta - jejunum or ileum?
jejunum
53
many short loops of arcades - jejunum or ileum?
ileum
54
more fat in mesentery - jejunum or ileum?
ileum
55
large, tall, and closely packed circular folds - jejunum or ileum?
jejunum
56
many lymphoid nodules (Peyer's patches) - jejunum or ileum?
ileum (distal part)
57
circular folds are absent in which part of the ileum?
distal part
58
wider caliber - jejunum or ileum?
jejunum
59
length of duodenum
20 cm
60
length of jejunum
100-110 cm
61
length of ileum
150-160 cm
62
In autopsies and cadaveric dissections, the average length of the jejeunum and ileum combined is:
6-7 meters
63
ileal diverticulum is also called
Merkel diverticulum note: disease of 2's
64
(jejunum & ileum) Remnant of obliterated vitelline duct of embryonic life
Merkel diverticulum
65
pancreas etymology
Greek pan (all) & kreas (flesh)
66
pancreas length & shape
12-15 cm long J-shapes (like a Hockey stick), soft, lobulated, retroperitnoal organ
67
location of pancreas
retroperitoneal; level of L1-L2; umbilical, epigastric, and left hypochondriac region
68
4 parts of pancreas
head, neck, body, tail
69
which part of pancreas? snug up against the second and third parts of duodenum
head
70
lower portion extending inferiorly from the head of pancreas
uncinate process
71
directly anterior to superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and veins, and the portal vein. which part of pancreas?
neck
72
which part of pancreas passes over the aorta and L2 vertebra
body
73
which part of pancreas extends into the SPLENICORENAL LIGAMENT, associated with the spleen
tail
74
main pancreatic duct normally joins with common bile duct
Duct of Wirsung
75
accessory pancreatic duct which opens into the duodenum at the summit of the minor duodenal papilla
Duct of Santorini
76
arterial supply of pancreas is derived MAINLY from
branches of tortuous SPLENIC artery
77
blood supply of head of pancreas
``` Superior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and posterior) from Gastroduodenal & ``` inferior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and posterior) from superior mesenteric
78
blood supply of body and tail of pancreas
splenic, great pancreatic, dorsal and caudal pancreatic artery
79
venous drainage of head of pancreas
``` Superior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and posterior) drain into the Portal Vein, Inferior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and posterior) drain into the superior mesenteric vein ```
80
venous drainage of body and tail of pancreas
numerous small veins drain directly into the splenic vein
81
lymphatic drainage of pancreas. Most of them end in the ____ that lie along the _____ on the superior border of the pancreas
pancreaticosplenic nodes; splenic artery
82
lymphatic drainage of pancreas. some vessels end in
pyloric lymph nodes
83
lymphatic drainage of pancreas. efferent vessels from these nodes drain to the celiac lymph nodes and superior mesenteric lymph nodes via the
hepatic lymph nodes
84
nerve supply of pancreas derived from
vagus and splanchnic nerves
85
(pancreas) pain fibers are carried by the
splanchnic nerves
86
(pancreas) The sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres reach the gland by passing along the arteries of the..
celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses
87
main pancreatic duct opens into what part of the duodenum
2nd
88
referred pain from the pancreas will usually manifest as pain in the ..
back
89
spleen location
upper left quadrant, left hypochondriac region; | Lies relative to the 9th and 11th ribs
90
largest of the lymphatic organs
spleen | but it is not a vital organ/not necessary to sustain life
91
can be found on the inferomedial part of the gastric impression; transmits the splenic vessels and nerves and provides attachment to the gastrosplenic and splenorenal (lienorenal) ligaments.
splenic hilum
92
anteriorly related to the spleen
stomach
93
posteriorly related to the spleen
left part of the diaphragm, which separates it from the pleura, lung; ribs 9-11
94
inferiorly related to the spleen
left colic flexure
95
medially related to the spleen
left kidney
96
Kidney is deep to spleen, connected by
splenorenal ligament (lienorenal)
97
(spleeN) Stomach is medial to spleen, connected by
gastrosplenic ligament (gastrolienal)
98
(spleeN) Short gastric and left gastroepiploic vessels run in the; CONNECTS THE SPLEEN TO THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH :)
gastrosplenic ligament (gastrolienal)
99
(spleeN) Splenic artery and vein run in the
splenorenal ligament (lienorenal)
100
Primary blood supply of spleen
SPLENIC artery which is the largest branch of the CELIAC trunk)
101
Venous drainage of spleen
SPLENIC vein which unites with superior mesenteric vein to form the portal vein
102
splenic lymphatic vessels
pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes | en route to the celiac nodes
103
nerves of the spleen derived mainly from
CELIAC PLEXUS

ANATOMY (23 decks)

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