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ANATOMY > 07-03 GIT Gx Small Intestine, Pancreas, Spleen > Flashcards

07-03 GIT Gx Small Intestine, Pancreas, Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts of the small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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2
Q

first and shortest part of the intestine; widest and most fixed part

A

duodenum

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3
Q

duodenum: Considered partially

retroperitoneal, except

A

first 2.5cm

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4
Q

duodenum shape

A

C-shaped

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5
Q

duodenum begins at __ and ends at ___

A

pylorus;

duodeno-jejunal junction (flexure)

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6
Q

4 parts of duodenum

A

1) first part (superior) or duodenal bulb
2) second part (descending)
3) third part (horizontal)
4) fourth part (ascending)

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7
Q

first part of duodenum (duodenal bulb) lies anterolateral to the

A

body of the L1 vertebra

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8
Q

most movable part of the duodenum

A

1st part (superior) or duodenal bulb

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9
Q

(duodenum) has a mesentery and is mobile and attached to this part (greater omentum and hepatoduodenal ligament)

A

proximal half

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10
Q

(duodenum) has no mesentery and is immobile (fixed to the posterior abdominal wall)

A

distal half

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11
Q

(duodenum) common bile duct and main pancreatic duct enter the posteromedial wall of the ____ obliquely and unite to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)

A

duodenum 2nd part (descending)

–also note: has no mesentery and retroperitoneal

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12
Q

(duodenum) located 8-10cm distal to the pylorus

A

major duodenal papilla

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13
Q

(duodenum) located 6-8cm distal to the pylorus

A

lesser duodenal papilla

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14
Q

(duodenum) duodenum part at the level of L3 vertebra

A

third part (horizontal)

also note: adherent to the posterior abdominal wall

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15
Q

meets the jejunum at the duodenojejunal flexure

A

duodenum 4th part (ascending)

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16
Q

(duodenum) a fibromuscular band supporting the duodenojejunal flexure

A

Ligament of Treitz (suspensory muscle of duodenum)

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17
Q

(duodenum) arteries of the duodenum arise form the

A

celiac trunk and

superior mesentery artery (SMA)

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18
Q

(duodenum) embryological - foregut - supplied by

A

celiac trunk

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19
Q

(duodenum) embryological - midgut - supplied by

A

SMA

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20
Q

(duodenum) supplies the duodenum PROXIMAL TO THE ENTRY OF BILE DUCT into the descending part of the duodenum

A

celiac trunk -> gastroduodenal artery -> superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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21
Q

(duodenum) supplies the duodenum DISTAL TO THE ENTRY OF BILE DUCT

A

SMA -> inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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22
Q

(duodenum) location of anastomosis f the superior and inferior panccreaticoduodenal arteries

A

between the entry of the bile duct and the junction of the descending and inferior parts of the duodenum

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23
Q

(duodenum) lies in the curve between the duodenum and the head of the pancreas and supply both structures

A

pancreaticoduodenal arteries

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24
Q

(duodenum) veins of the duodenum drain into the HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN, some directly and others indirectly, through the

A

superior mesenteric and

splenic veins

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25
Q

(duodenum) superior pancreaticoduodenal vein will drain into the

A

portal vein (directly)

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26
Q

(duodenum) inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein will drain to

A

superior mesenteric vein (SMV),

…SMV will then drain to the portal vein.

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27
Q

(duodenum) Drain upward - pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes to..

A

gastroduodenal nodes

celiac nodes

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28
Q

(duodenum) Drain downward - pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes to…

A

superior mesenteric plexus

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29
Q

duodenal sympathetic innervation derive from ___ via __-

A

vagus and
greater and lesser (abdominopelvic) splanchnic nerves via

celiac & mesenteric plexuses

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30
Q

mobile portion of the duodenum

A

first 2cm of the superior part

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31
Q

part of duodenum crossed by SMA and SMV

A

3rd

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32
Q

hepatopancreatic ampulla opens at which part of the duodenum?

A

ascending

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33
Q

.This structure indicates the junction of the distal part of the duodenum and the proximal part of the jejunum:

A

Ligament of Treitz

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34
Q

Marks anatomical union of (common) bile duct & Duct of Wirsung:

A

Vater

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35
Q

The blood supply of the duodenum that is PROXIMAL to the entry of the bile duct comes from the:

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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36
Q

marks the end of the duodenum and the beginning of the jejunum

A

Ligament of Treitz

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37
Q

ave. length of duodenum

A

25cm

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38
Q

most blood supply of the small intestine comes from

A

SMA

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39
Q

opening into the pancreatic and common bile duct is found in which portion of the duodenum?

A

2nd..

the ducts enters it posteromedial wall.

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40
Q

jejunum begins at

A

duodenojejunal flexure;

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41
Q

ileum ends at

A

the ileocecal junction

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42
Q

most of jejunum lies in which quadrant

A

lower upper quadrant (LUQ)

43
Q

most of ileum lies in which quadrant

A

right lower quadrant (RLQ)

44
Q

fan-shaped fold of peritoneum that attaches the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall

A

mesentery

45
Q

Usually arises at the level of L1 vertebra, 1 cm inferior to the coeliac trunk;

-supplies jejunum and ileum via jejunal and ileal arteries

A

Superior mesenteric artery

46
Q

Unites with the splenic vein to form the portal vein;

drains the jejunum and ileum

A

Superior mesenteric vein

47
Q

lymphatic drainage of jejunum and ileum

A

superior mesenteric nodes

48
Q

Sympathetic supply of jejunum & ileum

A

Greater and lesser splanchnic nerve

49
Q

Parasympathetic supply of jejunum & ileum

A

Posterior vagal trunk via the coeliac plexus

50
Q

thick and heavy wall - jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

51
Q

greater vascularity - jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

52
Q

long vasa recta - jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

53
Q

many short loops of arcades - jejunum or ileum?

A

ileum

54
Q

more fat in mesentery - jejunum or ileum?

A

ileum

55
Q

large, tall, and closely packed circular folds - jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

56
Q

many lymphoid nodules (Peyer’s patches) - jejunum or ileum?

A

ileum (distal part)

57
Q

circular folds are absent in which part of the ileum?

A

distal part

58
Q

wider caliber - jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

59
Q

length of duodenum

A

20 cm

60
Q

length of jejunum

A

100-110 cm

61
Q

length of ileum

A

150-160 cm

62
Q

In autopsies and cadaveric dissections, the average length of the jejeunum and ileum combined is:

A

6-7 meters

63
Q

ileal diverticulum is also called

A

Merkel diverticulum

note: disease of 2’s

64
Q

(jejunum & ileum) Remnant of obliterated vitelline duct of embryonic life

A

Merkel diverticulum

65
Q

pancreas etymology

A

Greek
pan (all) &
kreas (flesh)

66
Q

pancreas length & shape

A

12-15 cm long J-shapes (like a Hockey stick), soft, lobulated, retroperitnoal organ

67
Q

location of pancreas

A

retroperitoneal;
level of L1-L2;
umbilical, epigastric, and left hypochondriac region

68
Q

4 parts of pancreas

A

head, neck, body, tail

69
Q

which part of pancreas?
snug up against the second and third parts of
duodenum

A

head

70
Q

lower portion extending inferiorly from the head of pancreas

A

uncinate process

71
Q

directly anterior to superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and veins,
and the portal vein. which part of pancreas?

A

neck

72
Q

which part of pancreas passes over the aorta and L2 vertebra

A

body

73
Q

which part of pancreas extends into the SPLENICORENAL LIGAMENT, associated with the spleen

A

tail

74
Q

main pancreatic duct normally joins with common bile duct

A

Duct of Wirsung

75
Q

accessory pancreatic duct which opens into the duodenum at the summit of the minor duodenal papilla

A

Duct of Santorini

76
Q

arterial supply of pancreas is derived MAINLY from

A

branches of tortuous SPLENIC artery

77
Q

blood supply of head of pancreas

A 
Superior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and
posterior) from Gastroduodenal &

inferior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and posterior) from superior mesenteric

78
Q

blood supply of body and tail of pancreas

A

splenic, great pancreatic, dorsal and caudal pancreatic artery

79
Q

venous drainage of head of pancreas

A 
Superior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and
posterior) drain into the Portal Vein, Inferior pancreaticoduodenal (anterior and posterior) drain into the superior mesenteric vein
80
Q

venous drainage of body and tail of pancreas

A

numerous small veins drain directly into the splenic vein

81
Q

lymphatic drainage of pancreas. Most of them end in the ____ that lie along the _____ on the superior border of the pancreas

A

pancreaticosplenic nodes;

splenic artery

82
Q

lymphatic drainage of pancreas. some vessels end in

A

pyloric lymph nodes

83
Q

lymphatic drainage of pancreas. efferent vessels from these nodes drain to the celiac lymph nodes and superior mesenteric lymph nodes via the

A

hepatic lymph nodes

84
Q

nerve supply of pancreas derived from

A

vagus and splanchnic nerves

85
Q

(pancreas) pain fibers are carried by the

A

splanchnic nerves

86
Q

(pancreas) The sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres reach the gland by passing along the arteries of the..

A

celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses

87
Q

main pancreatic duct opens into what part of the duodenum

A

2nd

88
Q

referred pain from the pancreas will usually manifest as pain in the ..

A

back

89
Q

spleen location

A

upper left quadrant, left hypochondriac region;

Lies relative to the 9th and 11th ribs

90
Q

largest of the lymphatic organs

A

spleen

but it is not a vital organ/not necessary to sustain life

91
Q

can be found on the inferomedial part of the gastric impression;
transmits the splenic vessels and nerves and provides attachment to the gastrosplenic and splenorenal (lienorenal) ligaments.

A

splenic hilum

92
Q

anteriorly related to the spleen

A

stomach

93
Q

posteriorly related to the spleen

A

left part of the diaphragm, which separates it from the pleura, lung;
ribs 9-11

94
Q

inferiorly related to the spleen

A

left colic flexure

95
Q

medially related to the spleen

A

left kidney

96
Q

Kidney is deep to spleen, connected by

A

splenorenal ligament (lienorenal)

97
Q

(spleeN) Stomach is medial to spleen, connected by

A

gastrosplenic ligament (gastrolienal)

98
Q

(spleeN) Short gastric and left gastroepiploic vessels run in the;

CONNECTS THE SPLEEN TO THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH :)

A

gastrosplenic ligament (gastrolienal)

99
Q

(spleeN) Splenic artery and vein run in the

A

splenorenal ligament (lienorenal)

100
Q

Primary blood supply of spleen

A

SPLENIC artery which is the largest branch of the CELIAC trunk)

101
Q

Venous drainage of spleen

A

SPLENIC vein which unites with superior mesenteric vein to form the portal vein

102
Q

splenic lymphatic vessels

A

pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes

en route to the celiac nodes

103
Q

nerves of the spleen derived mainly from

A

CELIAC PLEXUS

ANATOMY (23 decks)

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