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ANATOMY > 12th Evals 2018 - Eye & Ear - Embryo > Flashcards

12th Evals 2018 - Eye & Ear - Embryo Flashcards

1
Q

pars optica retinae/optic cup

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become 10 layers of retina

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2
Q

pars ceca retinae

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the iris

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3
Q

22 day-old “otic placode”

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the inner ear

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4
Q

optic stalk

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the optic nerve, optic chiasm, & optic tract

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5
Q

22 day-old “optic placode”

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the lens

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6
Q

pars ceca retinae

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the ciliary body

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7
Q

utricle

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the semicircular canals

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8
Q

saccule

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the cochlea

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9
Q

hyaloid artery & veins

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the central artery & central vein of retina

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10
Q

auricular hillocks

[ano ang FORESHADOWED ADULT STRUCTURES ng mga EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES na ‘to?

A

Will become the external ear called pinna

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11
Q

Innermost layer of Cornea & Substantia Propia (intermediate layer of Cornea)

A

CONDENSED MESODERM/MESENCHYME

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12
Q

Extraocular muscles of the eyes (i.e. Superior Inferior, Lateral, Medial, Recti, Obliques)

A

CONDENSED MESODERM/MESENCHYME

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13
Q

Vitreous humor & aqueous humor

A

CONDENSED MESODERM/MESENCHYME

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14
Q

Sclera (colour white part of the eyeball)

A

CONDENSED MESODERM/MESENCHYME

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15
Q

Choroid (layer of blood vessels for retina)

A

CONDENSED MESODERM/MESENCHYME

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16
Q

Hyaloid blood vessels

A

CONDENSED MESODERM/MESENCHYME

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17
Q

Outermost layer of Cornea

A

SURFACE ECTODERM

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18
Q

Lens

A

SURFACE ECTODERM

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19
Q

Optic cup & optic stalk

A

NEUROECTODERM

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20
Q

Dilator & constrictor pupillae muscles of iris

A

MIGRATORY ECTODERM/NEURAL CREST CELLS

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21
Q

Tympanic membrane/ear drum

A

ECTODERM + MESODERM + ENDODERM

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22
Q

First Pharyngeal cleft

[FATE of this EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE]

A

external ear canal/auditory meatus

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23
Q

Second Pharyngeal cleft

[FATE of this EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE]

A

DEGENERATES

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24
Q

Third Pharyngeal cleft

[FATE of this EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE]

A

DEGENERATES

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25
Fourth Pharyngeal cleft [FATE of this EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE]
DEGENERATES
26
First Pharyngeal pouch [ADULT DERIVATIVE ng EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE NA 'TO]
Tympanic cavity & Eustachian tube
27
Second Pharyngeal pouch [ADULT DERIVATIVE ng EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE NA 'TO]
Palatine tonsils & Tonsillar fossa
28
Third Pharyngeal pouch, dorsal wing [ADULT DERIVATIVE ng EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE NA 'TO]
Parathyroid gland, inferior
29
Third Pharyngeal pouch, ventral wing [ADULT DERIVATIVE ng EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE NA 'TO]
Thymus
30
Fourth Pharyngeal pouch, dorsal wing [ADULT DERIVATIVE ng EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE NA 'TO]
Parathyroid gland, superior
31
Fourth Pharyngeal pouch, ventral wing [ADULT DERIVATIVE ng EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE NA 'TO]
Parafollicular cells/ “C” cells of Ultimobranchial body
32
“Foramen cecum” [ADULT DERIVATIVE ng EMBRYONIC STRUCTURE NA 'TO]
Thyroid gland
33
Stapes + handle of malleus + long crus of incus are from 2nd Pharyngeal Arch [anong THEORY etong MIDDLE EAR PARTS na 'to]
Alternative Theory
34
The whole Malleus + Incus are from 1st Pharyngeal Arch [anong THEORY etong MIDDLE EAR PARTS na 'to]
Traditional Theory
35
Stapes is the only middle ear bone-derivative from 2nd Pharyngeal Arch [anong THEORY etong MIDDLE EAR PARTS na 'to]
Traditional Theory
36
Red for them is dark [DICHROMACY for this COMMON/REMARKABLE/UNIQUE Manifestatio]
PROTANOPIA
37
Cannot discriminate green & red/same shade for red & green [DICHROMACY for this COMMON/REMARKABLE/UNIQUE Manifestatio]
DEUTERANOPIA
38
Everything is pink & red. Cannot appreciate nor discriminate blue & yellow. Cannot appreciate blue, yellow nor family/shades of blue [DICHROMACY for this COMMON/REMARKABLE/UNIQUE Manifestatio]
TRITANOPIA
39
Auricular Hillock # 1 [adult ear parts]
Tragus
40
Auricular Hillock # 2 [adult ear parts]
Crus of Helix, concha (cymba and cavum)
41
Auricular Hillock # 3 [adult ear parts]
Superior point of Helix, triangular fossa
42
Auricular Hillock # 4 [adult ear parts]
Darwinian Tubercle
43
Auricular Hillock #’s 4 & 5 [adult ear parts]
Anti-Helix, Superior & Inferior Crura of Antihelix, Scapha, Helix
44
Auricular Hillock # 6 [adult ear parts]
Anti-tragus, Ear lobule
45
stapes, styloid process, superior half of hyoid [Embryonic Eponymous Terms for these Adult Derivatives]
Reichert’s
46
incus (accdg to TRADITIONAL THEORY) [Embryonic Eponymous Terms for these Adult Derivatives]
Meckel’s
47
malleus (accdg to TRADITIONAL THEORY) [Embryonic Eponymous Terms for these Adult Derivatives]
Meckel’s
48
"canal left by degenerated part of hyaloid vessels & initially occupied by hyaloid artery during embryonic period " [Embryonic Eponymous Terms for these Adult Derivatives]
Cloquet’s
49
mark/s left by initial attachment/s of hyaloid artery & vein on the back part of embryonic lens [Embryonic Eponymous Terms for these Adult Derivatives]
Mittendorf’s
50
represents remnant of hyaloid arteries [Embryonic Eponymous Terms for these Adult Derivatives]
Bergmeister’s
51
central connective tissue remnants of hyaloid system found near the entrance of optic stalk [Embryonic Eponymous Terms for these Adult Derivatives]
Kuhnt’s
52
Master gene for optic nerve formation [gene/s for this regulatory function]
PAX-2
53
Master genes for separating single eye field into two separate eye fields [gene/s for this regulatory function]
SHH + PAX-2
54
Master gene for eye/eye-globe formation [gene/s for this regulatory function]
PAX-6
55
Considered master genes for outer/10th layer of retina formation [gene/s for this regulatory function]
MITF + TGF-b
56
Considered master genes for inner/1st 9 layers of retina formation [gene/s for this regulatory function]
CHX-10 + FGF
57
“cupping” process/invagination of optic cup [gene/s for this regulatory function]
no gene expressed
58
Master genes for crystallin formation [gene/s for this regulatory function]
LMAF + SOX-2 + PAX-6 + PROX-1
59
Acknowledged as master gene for fibers of Zinn formation which holds the developing lens in place [gene/s for this regulatory function]
LMAF
60
Hirsutism + Macrotia + Macrostomia + no mammary glands [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
Say-Barber Syndrome
61
Preauricular pits + renal anomaly [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
Lachiewicz-Sibley Syndrome
62
Preauricular pits/tags + renal anomaly + cleft palate/lips [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
Melnick-Fraser Syndrome
63
Obesity + gynecomastia + mild retardation + macrotia [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
Börjeson-Lehman-Forssman Syndrome
64
Coloboma + Heart Defect + Atresia of Nasal Choanae + Renal Anomaly + Genitourinary Anomalies + Deafness [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
CHARGE Syndrome
65
Cryptophthalmos + clitoromegaly [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
Meyer- Fraser-Francois-Feichtiger + Schwickerath-Ullrich Syndrome
66
Spock ear [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
Stahl’s ear
67
Macrotia due to huge Helix of pinna [Diagnoses for these Common Manifesations]
Selhurst’s ear
68
IMPORTANT! | How to classify MICROTIA DEGREE of SEVERITY using GRADING SYSTEM
- Small ears Grades: Grade1: miniature identifiable parts of ear Grade2: with cleft (hemi-ear, stenotic ear canal, anti-helix is perpendicular to helix) Grade3: absence of ear canal and with “peanut-like” vestige Grade4: dorsal end/ total absence of ear (anotia) * Grade3&4- no ossicles/ tympanic membrane; Sx is possible as long as px has intact internal ear * Device: BAHA- Bone Anchored Hearing Aid
69
What maintains clarity of embryonic lens?
– Crystallin α, β, γ – Pseusoenucleating lens fibers (of very few numbers) or decreased nuclear sizes -Usage of glucose on anaerobic respiration and PPP – Detached Hyaloid Artery
70
Specialized cells embedded in the surface of the vitreous body which may contribute to the breakdown and renewal of the hyaluronic acid.
Hyalocytes of Balazs
71
TRADITIONAL vs ALTERNATIVE? | – incus & malleus -> pharyngeal arch 1
TRADITIONAL
72
TRADITIONAL vs ALTERNATIVE?- - some parts of incus & malleus -> pharyngeal arch 2
ALTERNATIVE
73
oculus sinister (OS)
left eye
74
auris sinister (AS)
left ear
75
oculus dexter (OD)
right eye
76
auris dexter (AD)
left eye
77
oculus uterque (OU)
each eye
78
auris uterque (AU)
each ear

ANATOMY (23 decks)

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