6.4 Chemical Sense Taste And Smell Flashcards
Type 1 taste cells
A. Dark
B. Light
C. Intermediate
Type 1- dark
Type 2- light
Type 3- intermediate
Lifespan of taste cells
10 days
Needed to stimulate the tastes buds
Saliva
Which papillae is not involved in gustation
Filiform papillae
Fungiform papillae is innervated by
CN VII
This papillae is innervated by CN VII and IX
Foliate
Papillae Associated with Von ebner’s gland
Circumvallate
Umami sensation is caused by
L-glutamate
5 primary taste quality
Salty Sweet Sour Bitter Umami
Taste buds are composed of modified epithelial cells specifically your ______ cells and ______ cells
Sustentacular/ supporting cells and taste cells
Two taste receptors that activate ion channels
Salty Na receptors
Sour H receptors
Activates 2nd messengers
Sweet
Bitter
Receptor potential for taste
Change in electrical potential
T or f
Bitterness is much more sensitive since it is important for survival as it confers protection from toxins
True
Type 1: salty taste via ENAC; type 2 : ______ via _____
Type 2: sweet umami bitter taste via GPCR
Transmitter of sour or type III cells
5-HT (Serotonin)
Stimulates bitter 1 receptor by closing of K channels
Quinine
Innervation of posterior 1/3 of tongue
Glossopharyngeal n
Innervation of base of tongue
Vagus nerve
Nerves transmit signals to which part of the brain stem
Nucleus tractus solitarius
Nerve that DOES NOT transmit taste sensation
Lingual n.
Absence of tastes due to damaged Glossopharyngeal or lingual n
Ageusia
Diminished taste
Hypoguesia
Unpleasant perception of taste
Paraguesia or dysguesia
Olfactory receptors are what kind of receptors
Chemoreceptors
T or f
Olfactory cells are true neurons which regenerate throughout life
True
Olfactory membrane contains
Olfactory cells and bowman’s glands interspersed among sustentacular cells
Also contains trigeminal pain fibers
Qualities of an odorant
Volatile
Slightly water and lipid soluble
T or f
Feedback stimulation stimulates the inhibition to suppress relay of signals through the olfactory bulb
False - feedback inhibition
Medial olfactory tract: old; lateral : 1. _____ and 2. _____
Lateral olfactory tract: less old and newer system
The area concerned with the basic behavior to olfaction
Medial olfactory area
Concerned with the association of some smells to certain memories; like and dislike
Lateral olfactory area specifically the less old OS
In the lateral olfactory the signals go to which parts of the brain
Limbic system and hippocampus(memory)
Medial: limbic system and hypothalamus
Concerned with the conscious analysis of odor
Lateral olfactory area specifically Newer pathway OS
Newer pathway sends fibers that feed DIRECTLY into the paleocortex WITHOUT passing through the Thalamus
T or f
False.
LESS OLD pathway sends fibers that feed DIRECTLY into the paleocortex WITHOUT passing through the Thalamus
*NEWER pathway passed through the thalamus to the orbital frontal cortex
