6.3 : Cognitive and Observational Learning

Question 1

what is latent learning

Answer 1

Learning is not immediately expressed by a response until organism is reinforced for doing so

Question 2

what are the 3 ABC of learning theories

Answer 2

Antecedents
Behaviors
Consequences

Question 3

mind is viewed as a

Answer 3

black box

Question 4

what is the Tolman & Honzik experiment

Answer 4

3 rats groups:
1) Rewarded every time they completed maze
2) Not rewarded for first 10 trials, but rewarded starting on trial 11
3) Never rewarded

Question 5

how does latent rat experiment relate to latent learning

Answer 5

the first group, (the one that was reinforced on all trials-) would learn how to best shuttle from start of maze and end

Question 6

what does S-O-R Learning
stand for

Answer 6

Stimulus Organism Response Theory

Question 7

what does SOR theory mean

Answer 7

Suggests that individual differences were based on peoples (or animals) cognitive interpretation of that situation

• Disagreed about the content and causes of thoughts

Question 8

what does O meaning in SOR based on the concept

Answer 8

2 indiviudals in the same situation and same stimulus could bring out different responses

Question 9

observational learning meaning

Answer 9

Changes in behavior & knowledge that result from watching others

Question 10

observational learning allows what?

Answer 10

allows new skills to be passed from one member (or group)

Question 11

who came up with 4 processes of observational learning

Answer 11

Albert Bandura

Question 12

4 processes of observational learning

Answer 12

1. attention
2. memory
3. performing / reproduce
4. motivation

Question 13

4 non human species using observational learning

Answer 13

1.killer whale teaching offspring to hunt for seals
2. chimpanzee mothers teaching how to crack nuts open
3. Japanese macaque monkeys washing potatoes in salt water
4. ants teaching other ants to locate source of food

Question 14

what is mirror neuron system

Answer 14

areas in human brain linked with functions from understanding other peoples emotional states to observing learning

= groups of neurons associated w/ planning movement that are active when u are performing and when observing someone else perform

Question 15

what happened to the Bobo Doll Experiment

Answer 15

children watched a video in which bobo doll was treated aggressively so they picked up the same treatment, picked up gun (exposure to violence) and used inappropriate words

Question 16

how does the hot sauce relate to bobo doll experiment

Answer 16

violent, misogynistic rap lyrics influenced how much chili sauce would be poured to a participant

both relates to imitating aggressive acts

Question 17

how does exposure to violent media relate to inhibitor processes in frontal lobes

Answer 17

watching violent programs can cause parts of your brain that suppress aggressive behaviors to become less active.
= those who watch football were desensitized to aggressiveness compared to those who didnt

low exposure to media violence showed more activity to inhibiting responses